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Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 18:57, 20 September 2008
, 18:57, 20 September 2008New page: {{toplink |backcolour =BCED91 |linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology |linktext =Alimentary System |maplink = Alimentary (Concept Map)- Anatomy & Physiology |pagetype =Anatomy |sublin...
{{toplink
|backcolour =BCED91
|linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology
|linktext =Alimentary System
|maplink = Alimentary (Concept Map)- Anatomy & Physiology
|pagetype =Anatomy
|sublink1=Oral Cavity - Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology#Major Salivary Glands
|subtext1=MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS
}}
<br>
==Parotid Salivary Gland==
[[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
*[[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|Serous]] secretion
*Moulded around base of [[Special Senses - Auditory - Anatomy & Physiology#Outer Ear|auricular cartilage]] of ear
*Enclosed within facial covering
*Trabeculae divide gland into lobules
*Major ducts run within trabeculae and merge to form a single duct
*Duct opens in vestibule opposite 4th upper premolar (Not all species)
*Innervated by glossopharyngeal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]]) via trigeminal branch ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V]])
==Development==
1. Intercalated duct. Cuboidal cells.
2. Striated duct. Cuboidal cells with mitochondria in base.
3. Interlobular duct. Columnar to stratified columnar cells.
4. Stratified squamous epithelium continuous with epithelium lining [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]
==Histology==
*Basophilic endoplasmic reticulum
*Stratified squamous epithelium
*Tubulo-acinar gland
*Acinar cells surrounded by myoepithelial cells and basement membrane
==Species Differences==
[[Image:Parotid Duct.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid Duct (Dog) - Copyright RVC]]
===Carnivores===
*Some mucous secretion in cat and dog
*Duct is superficial in dog
*Duct runs across masseter muscle in carnivores
===Herbivores===
*Larger gland and higher flow rate in herbivores to lubricate and soften food
*Duct is superficial in small ruminants
*Parotid gland extends rostrally over masseter muscle, ventrally to angle of jaw and caudally towards atlantal fossa
*Duct runs ventrally in herbivores below the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandibule (mandibula)|mandible]] (facial groove in horses) before entering the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] at the rostral margin of the masseter muscle
===Equine===
*Gland overlies the [[Special Senses - Auditory - Anatomy & Physiology#Equine Gutteral Pouch|gutteral pouch]]
==Links==
'''Video'''
[http://stream2.rvc.ac.uk/Anatomy/canine/head_neck/Pot0258.mp4 Pot 258 Lateral section through the head of a dog]
|backcolour =BCED91
|linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology
|linktext =Alimentary System
|maplink = Alimentary (Concept Map)- Anatomy & Physiology
|pagetype =Anatomy
|sublink1=Oral Cavity - Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology#Major Salivary Glands
|subtext1=MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS
}}
<br>
==Parotid Salivary Gland==
[[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
*[[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|Serous]] secretion
*Moulded around base of [[Special Senses - Auditory - Anatomy & Physiology#Outer Ear|auricular cartilage]] of ear
*Enclosed within facial covering
*Trabeculae divide gland into lobules
*Major ducts run within trabeculae and merge to form a single duct
*Duct opens in vestibule opposite 4th upper premolar (Not all species)
*Innervated by glossopharyngeal ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN IX]]) via trigeminal branch ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN V]])
==Development==
1. Intercalated duct. Cuboidal cells.
2. Striated duct. Cuboidal cells with mitochondria in base.
3. Interlobular duct. Columnar to stratified columnar cells.
4. Stratified squamous epithelium continuous with epithelium lining [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]
==Histology==
*Basophilic endoplasmic reticulum
*Stratified squamous epithelium
*Tubulo-acinar gland
*Acinar cells surrounded by myoepithelial cells and basement membrane
==Species Differences==
[[Image:Parotid Duct.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid Duct (Dog) - Copyright RVC]]
===Carnivores===
*Some mucous secretion in cat and dog
*Duct is superficial in dog
*Duct runs across masseter muscle in carnivores
===Herbivores===
*Larger gland and higher flow rate in herbivores to lubricate and soften food
*Duct is superficial in small ruminants
*Parotid gland extends rostrally over masseter muscle, ventrally to angle of jaw and caudally towards atlantal fossa
*Duct runs ventrally in herbivores below the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandibule (mandibula)|mandible]] (facial groove in horses) before entering the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] at the rostral margin of the masseter muscle
===Equine===
*Gland overlies the [[Special Senses - Auditory - Anatomy & Physiology#Equine Gutteral Pouch|gutteral pouch]]
==Links==
'''Video'''
[http://stream2.rvc.ac.uk/Anatomy/canine/head_neck/Pot0258.mp4 Pot 258 Lateral section through the head of a dog]