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| | ==Avian== | | ==Avian== |
| | ===[[Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)]]=== | | ===[[Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)]]=== |
| − | ====Hosts====
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| − | *Gallinaceous birds, pigeons, parrots, finches
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| − | *Subclinical carriers: ducks, ostriches
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| − | *Causes conjunctivitis in humans
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| − | ====Pathogenesis====
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| − | *Transmission via aerosol and direct contact
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| − | *Disease ranges from subclinical [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology|respiratory tract infections]] -> torticollis -> haemorrhages and death
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| − | ====Diagnosis====
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| − | Two diagnostic tests currently exist:
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| − | *Animal test:
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| − | **Samples of trachea and gut of 20 birds are tested in eggs
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| − | **'''HI''' using anti-NDV serum (to differentiate '''HA''' caused by [[Orthomyxoviridae#Avian Influenza|avian influenza]]
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| − | **Virulence of isolate tested by the speed it kills chicks
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| − | *DNA test (which will soon replace the animal test):
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| − | **Sequencing the cleavage site of H gene
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| − | **The more basic amino acids the more virulent the virus
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| − | ====Control====
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| − | *Newcastle Disease is '''NOTIFIABLE'''
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| − | *Vaccination of chickens and racing pigeons
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| − | *Surveillance of imported exotic birds
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| − | *Isolation of infected stock
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| − | *Infected premises to be culled and firebreak cull if spread
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| | | | |
| | ==Canine== | | ==Canine== |
| − | ===Canine Parainfluenza - 2 (aka Parainfluenza - 5)=== | + | ===[[Canine Parainfluenza - 2 (aka Parainfluenza - 5)]]=== |
| | ====Hosts==== | | ====Hosts==== |
| | *Infects '''dogs''' | | *Infects '''dogs''' |