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Bovine Parainfluenza - 3 (view source)
Revision as of 18:45, 13 October 2008
, 18:45, 13 October 2008New page: {{unfinished}} {{toplink |linkpage =Viruses |linktext =VIRUSES |sublink1=Paramyxoviridae |subtext1=PARAMYXOVIRIDAE |pagetype =Bugs }} <br> ====Pathogenesis==== *Virulence varies with is...
{{unfinished}}
{{toplink
|linkpage =Viruses
|linktext =VIRUSES
|sublink1=Paramyxoviridae
|subtext1=PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
|pagetype =Bugs
}}
<br>
====Pathogenesis====
*Virulence varies with isolates
*Cessation of [[Respiratory System General Introduction - Pathology#Mucociliary escalator|ciliary clearance]] and epithelial necrosis predisposes to secondary bacterial infections -> cough
*May cause [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Parainfluenza- 3|rhinitis]] of cattle
*With other agents causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|calf pneumonia ]]
**Together with managemental factors (overcrowding, poor ventilation, high humidity, deprivation of colostrum and stress caused by transport or mixing of stock)
====Diagnosis====
*Diseased lung tissue from dead animals or centrifuged cells from lung lavage
*Virus is too fragile for cell culture isolation (often inactivated in transport)
*Antigen detection by ''' immunocytochemistry''' for intracytoplasmic viral inclusions containing labelled viral protein
*Serology: 4-fold rise in ELISA antibody in paired serum samples from several animals
====Control====
*Improve managemental factors
*All-in, all-out systems
*Some vaccination
**Temperature sensitive mutant that replicates at 34<sup>o</sup>C but not at 37<sup>o</sup>C
**Re-infection is common
{{toplink
|linkpage =Viruses
|linktext =VIRUSES
|sublink1=Paramyxoviridae
|subtext1=PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
|pagetype =Bugs
}}
<br>
====Pathogenesis====
*Virulence varies with isolates
*Cessation of [[Respiratory System General Introduction - Pathology#Mucociliary escalator|ciliary clearance]] and epithelial necrosis predisposes to secondary bacterial infections -> cough
*May cause [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Parainfluenza- 3|rhinitis]] of cattle
*With other agents causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|calf pneumonia ]]
**Together with managemental factors (overcrowding, poor ventilation, high humidity, deprivation of colostrum and stress caused by transport or mixing of stock)
====Diagnosis====
*Diseased lung tissue from dead animals or centrifuged cells from lung lavage
*Virus is too fragile for cell culture isolation (often inactivated in transport)
*Antigen detection by ''' immunocytochemistry''' for intracytoplasmic viral inclusions containing labelled viral protein
*Serology: 4-fold rise in ELISA antibody in paired serum samples from several animals
====Control====
*Improve managemental factors
*All-in, all-out systems
*Some vaccination
**Temperature sensitive mutant that replicates at 34<sup>o</sup>C but not at 37<sup>o</sup>C
**Re-infection is common