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1,322 bytes removed ,  19:18, 13 October 2008
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===[[Swine Influenza]]===
 
===[[Swine Influenza]]===
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==Avian Influenza==
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===[[Avian Influenza]]===
===Subtypes===
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*H1-15 and N1-9 have all been isolated
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*Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), caused by H5 and H7 isolates, is also known as Fowl Plague (FP) and is notifiable
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**Chinese poultry are currently the main reservoir for H5N1, not wild birds
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===Pathogenesis===
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*HPAI is defined by:
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**Heamorrhages
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**Diarrhoea
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**Sometimes nervous symptoms
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**Sudden death
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*H5 spread by feces and infected viscera (kidney/spleen are 100X more infectious than feces)
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*H7 and other viruses are carried by 6% of the wild bird population and outbreaks mirror migrating patterns
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**This poses significant risk to free-range flocks
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===Zoonotic potential===
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*A 2003 Dutch outbreak of a pathogenic H7 virus caused widespread conjunctivitis and flu-like symptoms with recovery among poultry workers
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*Rural chinese children became infected with H5N1 via aerosol transmission, which was limited to upper respiratory symptoms and did not show horizontal spread
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===Control===
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*Prevention by proper hygiene and preventing contact with the wild bird population
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*Isolation and cull of infected premises
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*Firebreak cull in the case of uncontrolled spread
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*Vaccination is not currently practiced for the following reasons:
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**An eradication policy prevents it
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**Vaccination favors the evolution of the virus, which might increase its virulence and drift
 
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