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====Antigenicity====
====Antigenicity====
====Pathogenesis====
====Pathogenesis====
[[Image:BVD-MD.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Small erosions of MDV/BVDV - vesicles are microscopic (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
[[Image:Bvd2.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Coalescing lesions of BVDV (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
'''BVDV-1c'''
'''BVDV-1c'''
*Infects cattle regardless of age
*Infects cattle regardless of age
====Epidemiology====
====Epidemiology====
*A major concern is that it can be confused with [[Foot and Mouth Disease|FMD]] (especially as it often occurs with clinical signs of salivation and depression)
*Virus is widespread: 60-70% exposure by 4 years of age
*Virus is widespread: 60-70% exposure by 4 years of age
**Often may sweep through a whole colony of young stock causing profuse diarrhoea (perhaps febrile) for a few days and then recover
**Due to primary exposure to cytopathic strain of virus
*PI cows:
*PI cows:
**100% vertical transmission to offspring
**100% vertical transmission to offspring
====Diagnosis====
====Diagnosis====
*Traditional test: virus isolation followed by serology on infected cells
*Traditional test: virus isolation followed by serology on infected cells
*'''ELISA''' for virus '''antigen''' in animals with persistent viremia
*'''ELISA''' for virus '''antigen''' in animals with persistent viremia (will show up 3-8 days post-infection)
*PI calves often appear virus negative as a result of receiving neutralizing Ab in colostrum: can be countered by RT-PCR
*PI calves often appear virus negative as a result of receiving neutralizing Ab in colostrum: can be countered by RT-PCR
*'''Paired serum samples''' from cows with acute BVDV
*'''Paired serum samples''' from cows with acute BVDV