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==Burrowing Mites==
==Burrowing Mites==
===''Sarcoptes''===
===Sarcoptidae===
====''Sarcoptes''====
===''Knemidocoptes''===
'''Recognition'''
*Small, round mite
*Short legs
**Project only a short distance from body margin
*Dorsal spines
**Arranged in rows
*Dorsal spines
*Terminal anus
'''Life Cycle'''
*3 weeks life cycle
*Female lays eggs in epidermis in an '''egg laying pocket'''
*Female feeds on liquid ozzing from damaged tissue
*The eggs hatch in 1 week
*'''6 legged''' larvae released which crawl to skin surface
*The larvae then burrow back into the epidermis into '''moulting pockets'''
*Larvae moult to become '''8 legged''' nymphs
*Nymphs moult twice before becoming adults
*Adult males emerge and look for females for mating
'''Transmission'''
*Close contact
*Adults and larvae can be transferred from one skin surface to another
'''Pathogenesis'''
*Erthema with papule formation
*Scale and crust formation
**Alopecia
*Intense pruritis for one week
**Self-inflicted trauma
**Scab formation
*Wrinkling anf thickening of skin
*Hypersensitivity may develop
**Rash develops
*''Sarcoptes scabiei
**In [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Scabies|scabies]]
*Strains of ''S. scabiei'' can be passed between different animals and cause clinical signs although the infection is likely to resolve spontaneously and be unlikely to establish
'''Sarcoptic Mange'''
'''Diagnisis'''
*Skin scraping until capillary blood appears
**Adults, eggs, immature mites and faecal pellets looked for
*Place material on a microscope slide
*Add 10% KOH
*Warm slide over bunson flame
'''Treatment'''
*Acaricide
**For more information on acaricides click here
*Treat both infected and in-contact animals
*Older products have to be given in repeat treatments
*Avermectins are effective in farm animals
*Selamectin is available as a good spot-on for dogs
*Control for pigs:
**Treat sows before entering the farrowing pen
**Treat boars at 6 month intervals
====''Knemidocoptes''====
*'''K. mutans'''
*'''K. mutans'''