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'''Life Cycle'''
'''Life Cycle'''
*Eggs laid in rotting manure, hatch and pass through pupal and larval stages before emerging
*Eggs laid in rotting manure, hatch and pass through pupal and larval stages before emerging
*Eggs hatch in 12 hours of being deposited
*Life cycle takes 12 days
*Life cycle takes 12 days
**Helminths
**Helminths
***E.g. Intermediate hosts for ''Habronema'' in horses, some poultry tapeworms, ''Parafiliaria'' and ''Thelazia'' in cattle
***E.g. Intermediate hosts for ''Habronema'' in horses, some poultry tapeworms, ''Parafiliaria'' and ''Thelazia'' in cattle
*Feeds on secretions from the eyes, nose and mouth as well as blood left in wounds by other flies
'''Control'''
'''Control'''
*Olive green abdomen
*Olive green abdomen
*4-7mm in length
'''Life Cycle'''
'''Life Cycle'''
*Eggs laid in decaying vegetation, faeces and in carrion (in the summer months)
*Eggs laid in decaying vegetation, faeces and in carrion (in the summer months)
*Emerging larvae overwinter and pupate in spring
*Emerging larvae overwinter ('''diapause''') and pupate in spring
*Adult flies emerge in the summer
*Adult flies emerge in the summer