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| *''Lucilla cuprina'' | | *''Lucilla cuprina'' |
− | **South Africa | + | **South Africa, Australia |
− | **Australia
| |
| | | |
| *''Chrysomya'' spp. | | *''Chrysomya'' spp. |
− | **Africa | + | **Africa, Asia, Australia |
− | **Asia
| |
− | **Australia
| |
| | | |
| *''Wohlfahrtia'' | | *''Wohlfahrtia'' |
| **Fleshfly | | **Fleshfly |
| | | |
− | '''Recongition''' | + | '''Recongition of Adults''' |
| + | *Medium sized flies under 10mm long |
| + | |
| + | *Metallic sheen to abdomen |
| + | **Colour depends on species |
| + | |
| + | *Clear wings |
| + | |
| + | '''Recognition of Larvae''' |
| + | *Smooth maggots |
| + | |
| + | *10-15mm long |
| + | |
| + | *Spiracles and stigmatic plates on the tail can be used for species differentiation |
| | | |
| '''Life Cycle''' | | '''Life Cycle''' |
| + | *Eggs laid in wounds, soiled fleece and on carrion |
| + | **Females attracted by the odour emitted |
| + | **Clusters of yellow/cream eggs laid |
| + | |
| + | *Larvae hatch 24 hours later and crawl down onto the skin |
| + | **Feed rapidly |
| + | **Grow rapidly |
| + | **Moult twice before becoming full maggots |
| + | **Process takes 1-2 weeks |
| + | |
| + | *Larvae falls to the fround to pupate |
| + | |
| + | *Adult emerges in under a week (during summer) |
| + | |
| + | *The female reaches sexual maturity after a protein meal |
| + | **Lays eggs in batches of 100-200 |
| + | |
| + | *Adult flies survive for one month |
| + | |
| + | *Between May and September four generations can develop |
| + | **In warmer climates, up to 9 or 10 generations can develop per year |
| + | |
| + | *Flies can survive the winter as pupae and emerge the next spring |
| + | |
| + | '''Epidemiology''' |
| | | |
| '''Pathogenesis''' | | '''Pathogenesis''' |
| + | *Severe skin damage |
| + | **Larvae lacerate skin with oral hooks and liquefy host tissue by secreting proteloytic enzymes |
| + | |
| + | *Skin lesions are extended and deepened |
| + | **Secondary blowfly attack |
| + | **Flies attracted to odour of decomposing tissue |
| + | |
| + | *Secondary bacterial infection |
| + | |
| + | *Production losses |
| + | **Irritation and distress associated with skin lesions |
| + | **Poor weight gain (often the first clinical sign) |
| + | |
| + | '''Clinical Signs''' |
| + | *Anorexia, listness, animals standing apart from flock |
| + | |
| + | *Fleece may appear darker, be damp and have a foul smell |
| + | |
| + | *Strike is classified according to where the body is affected |
| | | |
| '''Control''' | | '''Control''' |
| + | *Prophylactic [[Ectoparasiticide|insecticide]] treatment |
| + | **Must kill larvae and remain in fleece to prevent flies from laying eggs |
| + | **Spraying, dipping, spray race or jetting |
| + | |
| + | *Insect growth regulators |
| + | **Pour-on |
| + | **2-4 month protection depending upon the product used |
| + | |
| + | *Effective worm control |
| + | **To minimise diarrhoea and therefore soiled fleece |
| + | |
| + | *Crutching |
| + | |
| + | *'Mule's operation' |
| + | **Surgical removal of breech skin in Merino breeds |
| + | |
| + | *Tail docking of lambs |
| + | |
| + | *Proper carcass disposal |
| + | **Eliminates fly breeding sites |
| + | |
| + | *Vaccination |
| | | |
| ===Screw Worm Myiasis=== | | ===Screw Worm Myiasis=== |