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==Calliphoridae==
 
==Calliphoridae==
 
[[Image:Calliphoridae.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pollenia rudis (Calliphoridae) - Richard Bartz, Munich - Wikimedia Commons]]
 
[[Image:Calliphoridae.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pollenia rudis (Calliphoridae) - Richard Bartz, Munich - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Lucilla cuprina.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Lucilla cuprina'' - Wikimedia Commons]]
+
[[Image:Lucilia cuprina.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Lucilia cuprina'' - Wikimedia Commons]]
 
[[Image:Blow fly head.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Blowfly Head Close Up - Martin Pot - Wikimedia Commons]]
 
[[Image:Blow fly head.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Blowfly Head Close Up - Martin Pot - Wikimedia Commons]]
 
*The ''Calliphoridae'' family are '''facultative''' parasites
 
*The ''Calliphoridae'' family are '''facultative''' parasites
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'''Species of Veterinary importance'''
 
'''Species of Veterinary importance'''
*''Lucilla serrata''
+
*''Lucilia serrata''
 
**Greenbottles
 
**Greenbottles
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**Bluebottle
 
**Bluebottle
   −
*''Lucilla cuprina''
+
*''Lucilia cuprina''
 
**South Africa, Australia
 
**South Africa, Australia
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**Fleshfly
 
**Fleshfly
   −
'''Recongition of Adults'''
+
'''Recognition of Adults'''
 
*Medium sized flies under 10mm long
 
*Medium sized flies under 10mm long
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**Process takes 1-2 weeks
 
**Process takes 1-2 weeks
   −
*Larvae falls to the fround to pupate
+
*Larvae falls to the ground to pupate
    
*Adult emerges in under a week (during summer)
 
*Adult emerges in under a week (during summer)
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*Divided into categories depending on their ability to initiate strike
 
*Divided into categories depending on their ability to initiate strike
 
**Primary flies are capable of initiating a strike on living sheep so larvae can penetrate intact skin
 
**Primary flies are capable of initiating a strike on living sheep so larvae can penetrate intact skin
***E.g. ''Lucilla'', ''Phormia'' and ''Calliphora''
+
***E.g. ''Lucilia'', ''Phormia'' and ''Calliphora''
 
**Secondary flies cannot initiate a strike, larvae attack an area already struck or damaged, extending it
 
**Secondary flies cannot initiate a strike, larvae attack an area already struck or damaged, extending it
***E.g. ''Callipohora'' and ''Chrysoma'' (in warmer climates)
+
***E.g. ''Calliphora'' and ''Chrysoma'' (in warmer climates)
 
**Tertiary flies attack lesions on carcasses which have become dry
 
**Tertiary flies attack lesions on carcasses which have become dry
 
***E.g. ''Musca'' and ''Sarcophaga'' spp.
 
***E.g. ''Musca'' and ''Sarcophaga'' spp.
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*Host susceptibility is increased when putrefactive odours develop on the fleece due to bacterial decomposition of organic matter
 
*Host susceptibility is increased when putrefactive odours develop on the fleece due to bacterial decomposition of organic matter
**Merino sheep have a narrow breach area with excessive wrinkling making them more suceptible to soiling
+
**Merino sheep have a narrow breech area with excessive wrinkling making them more susceptible to soiling
 
**A narrow opening of the penile sheath in rams and wethers may result in accumulation of urine and increase blowfly strike in this area
 
**A narrow opening of the penile sheath in rams and wethers may result in accumulation of urine and increase blowfly strike in this area
 
**Cuts during shearing, fighting and barbed wire will also increase the incidence of blowfly strike
 
**Cuts during shearing, fighting and barbed wire will also increase the incidence of blowfly strike
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'''Pathogenesis'''
 
'''Pathogenesis'''
 
*Severe skin damage
 
*Severe skin damage
**Larvae lacerate skin with oral hooks and liquefy host tissue by secreting proteloytic enzymes
+
**Larvae lacerate skin with oral hooks and liquefy host tissue by secreting proteolytic enzymes
    
*Skin lesions are extended and deepened
 
*Skin lesions are extended and deepened
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**Poor weight gain (often the first clinical sign)
 
**Poor weight gain (often the first clinical sign)
   −
*Risk of strike is highest in warm, dry weather
+
*Risk of strike is highest in warm, moist weather
    
'''Clinical Signs'''
 
'''Clinical Signs'''
*Anorexia, listness, animals standing apart from flock
+
*Anorexia, listlessness, animals standing apart from flock
    
*Fleece may appear darker, be damp and have a foul smell
 
*Fleece may appear darker, be damp and have a foul smell
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*Larvae are '''obligate''' parasites
 
*Larvae are '''obligate''' parasites
   −
'''Recongition'''
+
'''Recognition'''
 
*Similar to ''Calliphora''
 
*Similar to ''Calliphora''
**Irridescent
+
**Iridescent
 
**Clear wings
 
**Clear wings
 
**Blue abdomen
 
**Blue abdomen
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*In Africa
 
*In Africa
 
**Introduced into Libya through the importation of infested livestock
 
**Introduced into Libya through the importation of infested livestock
**Sterile meales released
+
**Sterile males released
**Eradication occured in 1991
+
**Eradication occurred in 1991
    
====Maggot Debridement Therapy====
 
====Maggot Debridement Therapy====
 
[[Image:Maggot Therapy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Maggot therapy on a wound - Wikimedia Commons]]
 
[[Image:Maggot Therapy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Maggot therapy on a wound - Wikimedia Commons]]
 
*Human medicine
 
*Human medicine
**Sterile ''Lucilla sericata'' maggots used to treat infected and necrotic wounds  
+
**Sterile ''Lucilia sericata'' maggots used to treat infected and necrotic wounds  
 
**Larvae secrete proteolytic enzymes and antimicrobial agents into the wound
 
**Larvae secrete proteolytic enzymes and antimicrobial agents into the wound
 
***Larvae do not burrow under the skin or attack healthy tissue
 
***Larvae do not burrow under the skin or attack healthy tissue
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*Parasite of mink and sometimes humans
 
*Parasite of mink and sometimes humans
   −
'''Recongition'''
+
'''Recognition'''
 
*Large 8-14mm long
 
*Large 8-14mm long
  
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