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===Acepromazine===
 
===Acepromazine===
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Acepromazine is commonly used in veterinary practice as a sedative and as a premedicant. It is available in liquid, gel and tablet form and so may be administered orally (with 20-55% bioavailability), i/m, i/v or s/c. The intramuscular route is preferred as fewer side effects are apparent. Administration in this way leads to a 20 minute onset of drug action. The time to onset is only 5 minutes if acepromazine is given intravenously, but the drug must be given slowly to avoid causing vasodilation and hypotension. The duration of effects is 4-6 hours.
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Acepromazine (ACP) is commonly used in veterinary practice as a sedative and as a premedicant. It is available in liquid, gel and tablet form and so may be administered orally (with 20-55% bioavailability), i/m, i/v or s/c. The intramuscular route is preferred as fewer side effects are apparent. Administration in this way leads to a 20 minute onset of drug action. The time to onset is only 5 minutes if acepromazine is given intravenously, but the drug must be given slowly to avoid causing vasodilation and hypotension. The duration of effects is 4-6 hours.
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Lower doses of acepromazine affect animal behaviour, whereas higher doses give sedation. However, the level of sedation is not increased by increasing the drug does further; this merely increases the duration of sedation. Sedative effect is greatest in young, anxious animals.
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Lower doses of acepromazine affect animal behaviour, whereas higher doses give sedation. However, the level of sedation is not increased by increasing the drug dose further; this merely increases the duration of sedation. Acepromazine's sedative effect is greatest in young, anxious animals.
    
Acepromaazine potentiates the actions of several other drugs. These include [[Local Anaesthetics|local anaesthetic agents]], general anaesthetics and opioids (forming the principal of neurolept analgesia).
 
Acepromaazine potentiates the actions of several other drugs. These include [[Local Anaesthetics|local anaesthetic agents]], general anaesthetics and opioids (forming the principal of neurolept analgesia).
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Administration of acepromazine may lower the threshold for seizures but, interestingly, the drug may be used as an anticonvulsant. ACP is also anti-emetic.
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Use of acepromazine is contra-indicated in breeding stallions, as it may cause penis protrusion and priapism. Boxers and giant breeds of dog require lower doses of the drug.
    
===Methotrimeprazine===
 
===Methotrimeprazine===
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