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→Candidosis
==Candidosis==
==Candidosis==
*Caused by [[Fungi|''Candida'' spp.]]
*''Candidia albicans'' is the most important species
*Noramlly present on skin and in [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|GI tract]]
**''C. tropicalis'' and ''C. pelliculosa'' are other important species
*World wide distribution
*Usually an endogenous mycoses
*Noramlly present on skin, vagina and in the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|GI tract]]
*Immunocompromised animals may show symptoms
*Immunocompromised animals may show symptoms
*Usually lesions on mucous membranes and at mucocutaneous junctions
*Usually lesions on mucous membranes and at mucocutaneous junctions
*Many species have been implicated in bovine mastitis
*''C. albicans'' has been isolated in porcine stomach ulcers
*''C. rugosa'' has been implicated in pyometra in mares
*Infection of the crop, oesophagus and mouth occur in poultry and other birds leading to 'sour crop'
**White-grey lesions in mouth which adhere loosly to the mucous membrane
**Crop wall may be thickened
**Crop wall may be covered by a yello-white necrotic material
**Underlying tissue is inflammed
*Causes thrush in humans
*''C. albicans'' causes metritis and vaginitis in mares and genital candidiosis in stallions (and bulls)
*Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy
*Diphtheritic membranes, pus and fluids can be examined by Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue
*Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments
*Grow on blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar producing soft, creamy colonies in 24-48 hours
*Grossly:
*Grossly:
**Exudative, papular, pustular to ulcerative dermatitis
**Exudative, papular, pustular to ulcerative dermatitis