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==Candidosis==
 
==Candidosis==
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*Caused by [[Fungi|''Candida'' spp.]]
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*''Candidia albicans'' is the most important species
*Noramlly present on skin and in [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|GI tract]]
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**''C. tropicalis'' and ''C. pelliculosa'' are other important species
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*World wide distribution
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*Usually an endogenous mycoses
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*Noramlly present on skin, vagina and in the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|GI tract]]
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*Immunocompromised animals may show symptoms
 
*Immunocompromised animals may show symptoms
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*Usually lesions on mucous membranes and at mucocutaneous junctions
 
*Usually lesions on mucous membranes and at mucocutaneous junctions
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*Many species have been implicated in bovine mastitis
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*''C. albicans'' has been isolated in porcine stomach ulcers
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*''C. rugosa'' has been implicated in pyometra in mares
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*Infection of the crop, oesophagus and mouth occur in poultry and other birds leading to 'sour crop'
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**White-grey lesions in mouth which adhere loosly to the mucous membrane
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**Crop wall may be thickened
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**Crop wall may be covered by a yello-white necrotic material
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**Underlying tissue is inflammed
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*Causes thrush in humans
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*''C. albicans'' causes metritis and vaginitis in mares and genital candidiosis in stallions (and bulls)
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*Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy
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*Diphtheritic membranes, pus and fluids can be examined by Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue
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*Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments
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*Grow on blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar producing soft, creamy colonies in 24-48 hours
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*Grossly:
 
*Grossly:
 
**Exudative, papular, pustular to ulcerative dermatitis
 
**Exudative, papular, pustular to ulcerative dermatitis
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