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==''Malassezia pachydermidis''==
 
==''Malassezia pachydermidis''==
 
[[Image:Malassezia pachydermidis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Malassezia pachydermidis'' - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
 
[[Image:Malassezia pachydermidis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Malassezia pachydermidis'' - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
*Caused by [[Fungi|''Malassezia pachydermatis'']]
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*Normally present in oily areas on the external [[The Ear - Anatomy & Physiology|ear]] canal and [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology|skin]] in dogs
 
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**Some strains have been recovered from the [[The Ear - Anatomy & Physiology|ear]] canal of cats
*Normally present in oily areas on the external ear canal and skin in dogs
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**Some strains have been recovered from the ear canal of cats
      
*Bottle-shaped, small budding cells, non-mycelial
 
*Bottle-shaped, small budding cells, non-mycelial
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*Gram stain shows purple yeast cells with a very wide base
 
*Gram stain shows purple yeast cells with a very wide base
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*Grow on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar in 2 weeks of incubation at room temperature
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*Grows on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar in 2 weeks of incubation at room temperature
    
*Greenish discolouration on blood agar
 
*Greenish discolouration on blood agar
    
*Clinical disease may cause yeast to proliferate and cause infection
 
*Clinical disease may cause yeast to proliferate and cause infection
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*Grossly:
 
*Grossly:
**Regional lesions: muzzle, ears, interdigital, perianal
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**Regional lesions: muzzle, [[The Ear - Anatomy & Physiology|ears]], interdigital, perianal
 
**Or generalised disease
 
**Or generalised disease
 
**Erythematous, hyperpigmented, [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|lichenified]] and scaly lesions with alopecia
 
**Erythematous, hyperpigmented, [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|lichenified]] and scaly lesions with alopecia
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*Microscopically:
 
*Microscopically:
 
**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis]]
 
**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis]]
 
**Spongiotic pustular dermatitis
 
**Spongiotic pustular dermatitis
 
**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Acanthosis]]
 
**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Acanthosis]]
**Organisms are usually present, minimum 3-5 yeasts per high-power field must be found to imply cause of disease
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**Organisms are usually present- minimum 3-5 yeasts per high-power field must be found to imply cause of disease
    
*''Malassezia pachydermis'' in [[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology#Malassezia dermatitis|malassezia dermatitis]]
 
*''Malassezia pachydermis'' in [[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology#Malassezia dermatitis|malassezia dermatitis]]
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