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New page: {{toplink |backcolour = f5fffa |linkpage =Helminths |linktext =HELMINTHS |sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs |subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS |pagetype =Bugs }} ==<font color="purple">Insecta<...
{{toplink
|backcolour = f5fffa
|linkpage =Helminths
|linktext =HELMINTHS
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs
|subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS
|pagetype =Bugs
}}
==<font color="purple">Insecta</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''Fill in the missing words about the insect body'''
||<big>The outer layer of the exoskeleton is called the <font color="white">'''''epicuticle'''''</font> which is made of protein and covered by a <font color="white">'''''waxy layer'''''</font>. The inner layers of the exoskeleton are called the <font color="white">'''''endocuticle'''''</font> and the <font color="white">'''''exocuticle'''''</font> which are made of <font color="white">'''''protein'''''</font> and <font color="white">'''''chitin'''''</font>
||[[Insecta#Structure and Function|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are halteres?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Reduced pair of wings'''''
*'''''Used for balance'''''
*'''''Possessed by diperan flies'''''
||[[Insecta#Wing|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are spiracles?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Chitinous openings'''''
*'''''On the side of the body'''''
*'''''Under muscular control so can open and close at will'''''
*'''''Mounted on stimatic plates'''''
*'''''Leads to trachea'''''
*'''''Can be used for species identification'''''
||[[Insecta#Respiratory System|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the general insect body system?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Haemocoele'''''
||[[Insecta#Circulatory System|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are oviparous insects?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Lay eggs outside of the body which hatch after deposition'''''
||[[Insecta#Life Cycles|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are viviparous insects?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Lay larvae or nymphs'''''
*'''''Eggs rupture in female reproductive system'''''
||[[Insecta#Life Cycles|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Summarise simple metamorphosis and give an example of a species of insect which uses it'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Nymph emerges from egg'''''
*'''''Nymph grows and moults'''''
*'''''Nymph becomes an adult'''''
*'''''Lice'''''
||[[Insecta#Simple Metamorphosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Summarise complex metamorphosis and give an example of a species of insect which uses it'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Larva emerges from egg'''''
*'''''Larva grows and moults'''''
*'''''Larva pupates'''''
*'''''Adult emerges from pupa'''''
*'''''Flies'''''
||[[Insecta#Complex Metamorphosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Fleas</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What is the most common species of flea which infects cats and dogs?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ctenocephalides felis'''''
*'''''Cat flea'''''
||[[Fleas#Ctenocephalides felis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which flea only has pronotal combs?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ceratophyllus gallinae'''''
*'''''Poultry flea'''''
||[[Fleas#Ceratophyllus gallinae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the key features of ''Pulex irritans''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''No combs'''''
*'''''Head rounded anteriorly'''''
||[[Fleas#Pulex irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How is the life cycle of ''Spilopsyllus cuniculi'' scynchronised with their main hosts the rabbit?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Shortly before the doe gives birth the adult fleas attach to the ears of the rabbit and feed producing a lot of faeces'''''
*'''''After parturition the adult fleas move onto the kittens where they feed, mate and lay eggs'''''
*'''''The new adult fleas emerge from the pupa before the kittens leave the nest'''''
||[[Fleas#Spilopsyllus cuniculi|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How long do adult fleas live?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''7-10 days'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What do flea eggs look like?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ivory-white'''''
*'''''Oval shaped'''''
*'''''0.5mm long'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which life cycle stage is negatively phototropic and what does this mean?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Larvae'''''
*'''''Crawl away from light sources'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the flea juvenile hormone?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Methoprene'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Lice</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the characteristics of chewing lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Broad head'''''
*'''''Rasping mouthparts'''''
*'''''Thorax narrower than head'''''
||[[Lice#Mallophaga|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Chewing lice are found on both mammals and birds?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''True'''''
*'''''Occurs on both mammals and birds'''''
||[[Lice#Mallophaga|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the characteristics of sucking lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Narrow head'''''
*'''''Piercing mouthparts'''''
*'''''Thorax wider than head'''''
*'''''Powerful legs'''''
||[[Lice#Anoplura|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Sucking lice are found on both mammals and birds?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Occurs on mammals only'''''
||[[Lice#Anoplura|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How long does the louse life cycle take?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''2-3 weeks'''''
||[[Lice#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the generalised condition lice cause?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Pediculosis'''''
||[[Lice#Pediculosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which species is affected by only sucking lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Pigs'''''
||[[Lice#Pigs|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are birds affected by sucking or chewing lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Chewing'''''
||[[Lice#Poultry|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Mallophaga are more susceptible to systemic insecticides than Alloplura?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Anopleura lice are more susceptible to systemic insecticide treatment'''''
||[[Lice#Control|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Nuisance Flies</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the two ''Muscidae'' species of veterinary importance?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Hydrotaea irritans'''''
**'''''Head fly'''''
*'''''Musca spp.'''''
**'''''Face and house flies'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the main difference between biting and nuisance flies?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Nuisance flies have sponge-like labellum mouthparts'''''
*'''''Biting flies have pointed mouthparts for sucking blood'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Musca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How do ''Musca'' spp. cause production losses?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Fly worry'''''
*'''''Reduced weight gain'''''
*'''''Reduced milk yield'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Musca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Give some examples of disease ''Musca' spp. transmit'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Viruses'''''
**'''''E.g. Enteroviridae'''''
*'''''Bacteria'''''
**'''''E.g. Anthrax'''''
*'''''Helminths'''''
**'''''E.g. Habronema'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Musca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: ''H. irritans'' larvae undergo diapause?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''True'''''
*'''''Larvae undergo diapause and pupate in spring'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Hydrotaea irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What problems can ''H. irritans'' cause in livestock?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Summer mastitis in cattle'''''
*'''''Broken Head in sheep'''''
*'''''Can increase the incidence of secondary blowfly stirke'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Hydrotaea irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Biting Flies</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''Is ''Stomoxys calcitrans'' a visiting or resident biting fly?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Visiting'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the main recognisable features of ''Stomoxys calcitrans''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Forward pointing proboscis'''''
*'''''Grey colouring'''''
*'''''Grey stripes on thorax and black spots on abdomen'''''
*'''''Clear wings'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How do ''Stomoxys calcitrans'' cause production losses?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Decrease milk production'''''
*'''''Decrease weight gain'''''
*'''''Cause fly worry'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which retrovirus is ''Stomoxys calcitrans'' a vector for?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Equine infectious anaemia'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is ''Haematoba irritans'' more commonly known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''The horn fly'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Haematoba irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why is ''Haematoba irritans'' easier to control than visiting biting flies?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Is a resident fly'''''
*'''''Spends more time in contact with the host'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Haematoba irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the three most important species of ''Tabanidae''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Tabanus'''''
*'''''Chrysops'''''
*'''''Haematopota'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Tabanidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How could you identify ''Tabanidae'' species solely on looking at their wing venation?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Closed discal cell wing venation'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Tabanidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why do ''Simuliidae'' species have a hump-backed appearance?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Arched thorax produced a hump-backed appearance'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Simuliidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why is the life cycle of ''Simuliidae'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Eggs laid on plants or stones under flowing water'''''
*'''''Larvae attach to submerged rocks and pupate'''''
*'''''Conical shaped cocoon'''''
*'''''Adults emerge en masse'''''
*'''''Life cycle takes one month to complete'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Simuliidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Glossinidae'' species more commonly known as and which trypanosomal disease do they transmit to humans?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Tsetse flies'''''
*'''''Sleeping sickness'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Glossinidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why are ''Ceratopogonidae'' species a problem to livestock'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Causes sweet-itch in horses'''''
*'''''Are vectors for blue tongue'''''
*'''''Vectors for parasites such as Onchocerca in cattle'''''
*'''''Cause skin infections in livestock'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Ceratopogonidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Culicidae'' species better known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Mosquitos'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Culicidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Both male and female ''Culicidae'' suck blood?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Only female mosquitos suck blood'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Culicidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Psychodidae'' the main vectors for?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Leishmaniasis'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Psychodidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Hippobosca'' more commonly known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Forest flies'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Hippobosca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Melophagus'' more commonly known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Sheep ked'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Melophagus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the main recognisable features of ''Melophagus'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Hairy'''''
*'''''Reddish-brown colouring'''''
*'''''Forward pointing proboscis'''''
*'''''Narrown head'''''
*'''''Dorso-ventrally flattened'''''
*'''''Wingless'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Melophagus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are ''Melophagus'' species resident or visiting flies?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Resident'''''
*'''''Spend the entire life cycle on the host'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Melophagus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Myiasis Producing Flies</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What is myiasis?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''The parasitism of living animals by dipteran larvae'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are ''Oestridae'' species obligatory or facultative parasites?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Obligatory'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Hypoderma'' species more commonly known as and what do they look like?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Warble flies'''''
*'''''Look like bumble bees'''''
**'''''Yellow abdomen'''''
**'''''Band of black hairs'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where in the body are the winter resting sites of ''Hypoderma'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Epidural fat in the spinal canal for H. bovis'''''
*'''''Wall of the oesophagus for H. lineatum '''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How many generations of warble flies are there per year?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''One'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why are warble flies a problem?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Cause production losses'''''
*'''''Cause myositis'''''
*'''''Causes paraplegia'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Oestrus ovis'' species also known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Sheep nasal bot flies'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How are the ''Oestrus ovis'' larvae distinguished?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Distinct black bands on each body segment'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''If ''Oestrus ovis'' larvae are deposited in late summer, where in the sheep can they overwinter?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''In the nasal cavity'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: ''Oestrus ovis'' larvae cause true gid in sheep?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Larvae cause false gid'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the three main species of ''Gasterophilus'' in the UK, also known as the horse bot fly?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''G. intestinalis'''''
*'''''G. nasalis'''''
*'''''G. haemorrhoidalis'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Gasterophilus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where does ''Gasterophilus'' species lay their eggs on the horse?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''G. intestinalis lays its eggs in the hair around the shoulders and fore legs'''''
*'''''G. nasalis lays its eggs in the intermandibular area'''''
*'''''G. haemorrhoidalis lays its eggs around the lips'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Gasterophilus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the ''Gasterophilus'' larvae called once they have attached to the gastric mucosa?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Bots'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Gasterophilus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where do ''Dermatobia hominis'' lay their eggs?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''On blood sucking flies'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Dermatobia hominis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How long is the life cycle of ''Dermatobia hominis''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''4 months'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Dermatobia hominis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are ''Calliphoridae'' species obligatory or facultative parsites?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Facultative'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the condition caused by ''Calliphoridae''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Blowfly strike'''''
*'''''If the fly lays eggs on an animal, the animal is said to be blown'''''
*'''''The damage the larvae causes to the animal is known as strike'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where are blowfly eggs laid on an animal?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''On soiled fleece'''''
*'''''On carrion'''''
*'''''In wounds'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How many generations of blowflies develop per year?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Up to 4 per year in temperate climates'''''
*'''''Up to 10 per year in warmer climates'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What factors influence the prevalence of blowfly strike?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Temperature'''''
*'''''Rainfall'''''
*'''''Host suceptibility'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the recognisable features of ''Wohlfahrtia'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Pale grey colouring'''''
*'''''Black striped on thorax and black spots on abdomen'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Wohlfahrtia sp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
|backcolour = f5fffa
|linkpage =Helminths
|linktext =HELMINTHS
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs
|subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS
|pagetype =Bugs
}}
==<font color="purple">Insecta</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''Fill in the missing words about the insect body'''
||<big>The outer layer of the exoskeleton is called the <font color="white">'''''epicuticle'''''</font> which is made of protein and covered by a <font color="white">'''''waxy layer'''''</font>. The inner layers of the exoskeleton are called the <font color="white">'''''endocuticle'''''</font> and the <font color="white">'''''exocuticle'''''</font> which are made of <font color="white">'''''protein'''''</font> and <font color="white">'''''chitin'''''</font>
||[[Insecta#Structure and Function|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are halteres?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Reduced pair of wings'''''
*'''''Used for balance'''''
*'''''Possessed by diperan flies'''''
||[[Insecta#Wing|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are spiracles?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Chitinous openings'''''
*'''''On the side of the body'''''
*'''''Under muscular control so can open and close at will'''''
*'''''Mounted on stimatic plates'''''
*'''''Leads to trachea'''''
*'''''Can be used for species identification'''''
||[[Insecta#Respiratory System|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the general insect body system?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Haemocoele'''''
||[[Insecta#Circulatory System|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are oviparous insects?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Lay eggs outside of the body which hatch after deposition'''''
||[[Insecta#Life Cycles|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are viviparous insects?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Lay larvae or nymphs'''''
*'''''Eggs rupture in female reproductive system'''''
||[[Insecta#Life Cycles|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Summarise simple metamorphosis and give an example of a species of insect which uses it'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Nymph emerges from egg'''''
*'''''Nymph grows and moults'''''
*'''''Nymph becomes an adult'''''
*'''''Lice'''''
||[[Insecta#Simple Metamorphosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Summarise complex metamorphosis and give an example of a species of insect which uses it'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Larva emerges from egg'''''
*'''''Larva grows and moults'''''
*'''''Larva pupates'''''
*'''''Adult emerges from pupa'''''
*'''''Flies'''''
||[[Insecta#Complex Metamorphosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Fleas</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What is the most common species of flea which infects cats and dogs?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ctenocephalides felis'''''
*'''''Cat flea'''''
||[[Fleas#Ctenocephalides felis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which flea only has pronotal combs?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ceratophyllus gallinae'''''
*'''''Poultry flea'''''
||[[Fleas#Ceratophyllus gallinae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the key features of ''Pulex irritans''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''No combs'''''
*'''''Head rounded anteriorly'''''
||[[Fleas#Pulex irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How is the life cycle of ''Spilopsyllus cuniculi'' scynchronised with their main hosts the rabbit?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Shortly before the doe gives birth the adult fleas attach to the ears of the rabbit and feed producing a lot of faeces'''''
*'''''After parturition the adult fleas move onto the kittens where they feed, mate and lay eggs'''''
*'''''The new adult fleas emerge from the pupa before the kittens leave the nest'''''
||[[Fleas#Spilopsyllus cuniculi|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How long do adult fleas live?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''7-10 days'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What do flea eggs look like?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ivory-white'''''
*'''''Oval shaped'''''
*'''''0.5mm long'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which life cycle stage is negatively phototropic and what does this mean?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Larvae'''''
*'''''Crawl away from light sources'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the flea juvenile hormone?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Methoprene'''''
||[[Fleas#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Lice</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the characteristics of chewing lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Broad head'''''
*'''''Rasping mouthparts'''''
*'''''Thorax narrower than head'''''
||[[Lice#Mallophaga|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Chewing lice are found on both mammals and birds?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''True'''''
*'''''Occurs on both mammals and birds'''''
||[[Lice#Mallophaga|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the characteristics of sucking lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Narrow head'''''
*'''''Piercing mouthparts'''''
*'''''Thorax wider than head'''''
*'''''Powerful legs'''''
||[[Lice#Anoplura|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Sucking lice are found on both mammals and birds?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Occurs on mammals only'''''
||[[Lice#Anoplura|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How long does the louse life cycle take?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''2-3 weeks'''''
||[[Lice#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the generalised condition lice cause?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Pediculosis'''''
||[[Lice#Pediculosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which species is affected by only sucking lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Pigs'''''
||[[Lice#Pigs|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are birds affected by sucking or chewing lice?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Chewing'''''
||[[Lice#Poultry|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Mallophaga are more susceptible to systemic insecticides than Alloplura?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Anopleura lice are more susceptible to systemic insecticide treatment'''''
||[[Lice#Control|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Nuisance Flies</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What are the two ''Muscidae'' species of veterinary importance?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Hydrotaea irritans'''''
**'''''Head fly'''''
*'''''Musca spp.'''''
**'''''Face and house flies'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the main difference between biting and nuisance flies?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Nuisance flies have sponge-like labellum mouthparts'''''
*'''''Biting flies have pointed mouthparts for sucking blood'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Musca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How do ''Musca'' spp. cause production losses?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Fly worry'''''
*'''''Reduced weight gain'''''
*'''''Reduced milk yield'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Musca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Give some examples of disease ''Musca' spp. transmit'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Viruses'''''
**'''''E.g. Enteroviridae'''''
*'''''Bacteria'''''
**'''''E.g. Anthrax'''''
*'''''Helminths'''''
**'''''E.g. Habronema'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Musca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: ''H. irritans'' larvae undergo diapause?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''True'''''
*'''''Larvae undergo diapause and pupate in spring'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Hydrotaea irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What problems can ''H. irritans'' cause in livestock?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Summer mastitis in cattle'''''
*'''''Broken Head in sheep'''''
*'''''Can increase the incidence of secondary blowfly stirke'''''
||[[Nuisance Flies#Hydrotaea irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Biting Flies</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''Is ''Stomoxys calcitrans'' a visiting or resident biting fly?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Visiting'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the main recognisable features of ''Stomoxys calcitrans''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Forward pointing proboscis'''''
*'''''Grey colouring'''''
*'''''Grey stripes on thorax and black spots on abdomen'''''
*'''''Clear wings'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How do ''Stomoxys calcitrans'' cause production losses?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Decrease milk production'''''
*'''''Decrease weight gain'''''
*'''''Cause fly worry'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Which retrovirus is ''Stomoxys calcitrans'' a vector for?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Equine infectious anaemia'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Stomoxys calcitrans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is ''Haematoba irritans'' more commonly known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''The horn fly'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Haematoba irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why is ''Haematoba irritans'' easier to control than visiting biting flies?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Is a resident fly'''''
*'''''Spends more time in contact with the host'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Haematoba irritans|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the three most important species of ''Tabanidae''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Tabanus'''''
*'''''Chrysops'''''
*'''''Haematopota'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Tabanidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How could you identify ''Tabanidae'' species solely on looking at their wing venation?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Closed discal cell wing venation'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Tabanidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why do ''Simuliidae'' species have a hump-backed appearance?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Arched thorax produced a hump-backed appearance'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Simuliidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why is the life cycle of ''Simuliidae'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Eggs laid on plants or stones under flowing water'''''
*'''''Larvae attach to submerged rocks and pupate'''''
*'''''Conical shaped cocoon'''''
*'''''Adults emerge en masse'''''
*'''''Life cycle takes one month to complete'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Simuliidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Glossinidae'' species more commonly known as and which trypanosomal disease do they transmit to humans?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Tsetse flies'''''
*'''''Sleeping sickness'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Glossinidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why are ''Ceratopogonidae'' species a problem to livestock'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Causes sweet-itch in horses'''''
*'''''Are vectors for blue tongue'''''
*'''''Vectors for parasites such as Onchocerca in cattle'''''
*'''''Cause skin infections in livestock'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Ceratopogonidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Culicidae'' species better known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Mosquitos'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Culicidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: Both male and female ''Culicidae'' suck blood?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Only female mosquitos suck blood'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Culicidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Psychodidae'' the main vectors for?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Leishmaniasis'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Psychodidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Hippobosca'' more commonly known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Forest flies'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Hippobosca spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Melophagus'' more commonly known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Sheep ked'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Melophagus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the main recognisable features of ''Melophagus'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Hairy'''''
*'''''Reddish-brown colouring'''''
*'''''Forward pointing proboscis'''''
*'''''Narrown head'''''
*'''''Dorso-ventrally flattened'''''
*'''''Wingless'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Melophagus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are ''Melophagus'' species resident or visiting flies?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Resident'''''
*'''''Spend the entire life cycle on the host'''''
||[[Biting Flies#Melophagus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}
==<font color="purple">Myiasis Producing Flies</font>==
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
!width="400"|'''Question'''
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
!width="150"|'''Article'''
|-
|<big>'''What is myiasis?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''The parasitism of living animals by dipteran larvae'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are ''Oestridae'' species obligatory or facultative parasites?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Obligatory'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Hypoderma'' species more commonly known as and what do they look like?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Warble flies'''''
*'''''Look like bumble bees'''''
**'''''Yellow abdomen'''''
**'''''Band of black hairs'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where in the body are the winter resting sites of ''Hypoderma'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Epidural fat in the spinal canal for H. bovis'''''
*'''''Wall of the oesophagus for H. lineatum '''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How many generations of warble flies are there per year?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''One'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Why are warble flies a problem?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Cause production losses'''''
*'''''Cause myositis'''''
*'''''Causes paraplegia'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Hypoderma spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are ''Oestrus ovis'' species also known as?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Sheep nasal bot flies'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How are the ''Oestrus ovis'' larvae distinguished?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Distinct black bands on each body segment'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''If ''Oestrus ovis'' larvae are deposited in late summer, where in the sheep can they overwinter?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''In the nasal cavity'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''True or False: ''Oestrus ovis'' larvae cause true gid in sheep?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Larvae cause false gid'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Oestrus ovis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the three main species of ''Gasterophilus'' in the UK, also known as the horse bot fly?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''G. intestinalis'''''
*'''''G. nasalis'''''
*'''''G. haemorrhoidalis'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Gasterophilus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where does ''Gasterophilus'' species lay their eggs on the horse?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''G. intestinalis lays its eggs in the hair around the shoulders and fore legs'''''
*'''''G. nasalis lays its eggs in the intermandibular area'''''
*'''''G. haemorrhoidalis lays its eggs around the lips'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Gasterophilus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the ''Gasterophilus'' larvae called once they have attached to the gastric mucosa?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Bots'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Gasterophilus spp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where do ''Dermatobia hominis'' lay their eggs?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''On blood sucking flies'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Dermatobia hominis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How long is the life cycle of ''Dermatobia hominis''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''4 months'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Dermatobia hominis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Are ''Calliphoridae'' species obligatory or facultative parsites?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Facultative'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What is the name of the condition caused by ''Calliphoridae''?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Blowfly strike'''''
*'''''If the fly lays eggs on an animal, the animal is said to be blown'''''
*'''''The damage the larvae causes to the animal is known as strike'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''Where are blowfly eggs laid on an animal?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''On soiled fleece'''''
*'''''On carrion'''''
*'''''In wounds'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''How many generations of blowflies develop per year?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Up to 4 per year in temperate climates'''''
*'''''Up to 10 per year in warmer climates'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What factors influence the prevalence of blowfly strike?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Temperature'''''
*'''''Rainfall'''''
*'''''Host suceptibility'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Calliphoridae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|-
|<big>'''What are the recognisable features of ''Wohlfahrtia'' species?'''
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Pale grey colouring'''''
*'''''Black striped on thorax and black spots on abdomen'''''
||[[Myiasis Producing Flies#Wohlfahrtia sp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
|}