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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (view source)
Revision as of 15:16, 12 August 2009
, 15:16, 12 August 2009no edit summary
==Signalment==
==Signalment==
*No sex predisposition
*More common in middle-aged dogs and cats
==Description==
==Description==
'''Inflammatory bowel disease''' (IBD) is an idiopathic group of disorders characterised by inflammatory changes without a known inciting cause. IBD can affect any part of the intestines and it is classified according to the predominant cellular inflammatory infiltration. Three types have been recognised, they are:
'''Inflammatory bowel disease''' (IBD) is an idiopathic group of disorders characterised by intestinal inflammatory changes associated with persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal signs. IBD can affect any part of the intestines and is classified according to the predominant cellular inflammatory infiltration. Several histological types have been recognised, which are:
*[[Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic Enteritis - WikiClinical|Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic Enteritis]] (most common)
*[[Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic Enteritis - WikiClinical|Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic Enteritis]] (most common)
*[[Eosinophilic Enteritis - WikiClinical|Eosinophilic Enteritis]]
*[[Eosinophilic Enteritis - WikiClinical|Eosinophilic Enteritis]]
The underlying cause of IBD is currently unknown. It is speculated to have been caused by an exaggerated or inappropriate response by the immune system to dietary and/or bacterial antigens.
The underlying cause of IBD is currently unknown. It may reflect an exaggerated or inappropriate response by the immune system to dietary, bacterial or self-antigens.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Clinical Signs===
===Clinical Signs===
*'''Vomiting''' (most common sign in cat)
*'''Diarrhoea'''; small or large intestinal
*Haematoemesis or haematochezia (more severe cases)
*Weight loss
*Abdominal discomfort or pain
*Excessive borborygmi
*Variable appetite; incrased or decreased
*Hypoproteinaemia or ascites
*Thicked intestinal loop
===Laboratory Tests===
===Laboratory Tests===
====Haematology====
====Haematology====
*Neutrophilia ± mild left shift in LPE
*Eosinophilia
**Not always present in EGE
====Biochemistry====
====Biochemistry====
*
====Other Tests====
====Other Tests====
===Diagnostic Imaging===
===Diagnostic Imaging===
===Histopathology===
A biopsy of the intestine is required for a definitive diagnosis of IBD. A non-invasive biopsy may be taken via endoscopy by this limits where the samples can be taken from as the jejunum and ileum in not easily accessible. Exploratory laparotomy and full thickness may sometimes be preferred.