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</gallery> and mixed-breed dogs
</gallery> and mixed-breed dogs
*Mainly older bitches (90%)
*Mainly older bitches (90%)
*Also in castrated male dogs
==Description==
==Description==
A highly malignant neoplasia that readily metastasizes to the medial iliac lymph nodes. May also lead to paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia due to parathyroid hormone-related peptide. The tumours can be between 1 and 10cm in size and 50% of them will metastasize.
A highly malignant neoplasia that readily metastasizes to the medial iliac lymph nodes. Around 50% may lead to paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia due to parathyroid hormone-related peptide. The tumours can be between 1 and 10cm in size and 50% of them will metastasize.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
Also:
Also:
*Flattened stools
*Obstipation due to enlarged internal iliac lymph nodes
*Pernieal swelling
*Pernieal swelling
*Hypercalcaemia signs including polydipsia and polyuria.
*Hypercalcaemia signs including polydipsia and polyuria.
===Rectal examination===
Best carried out under general anaesthetic with manula compression of the caudal abdomen towards the rectum.
===Biochemistry===
===Biochemistry===
===Abdominal imaging===
===Abdominal imaging===
Caudal abdominal radiographs or abdominal ultrasound to assess the medial iliac lymph nodes for metastases.
Caudal lateral abdominal radiographs or abdominal ultrasound to assess the medial iliac lymph nodes for metastases. When enlarged the displace the rectum ventrally as they are found ventral to the lumbar sacral disc.
===Needle biopsy===
Guided by ultrasound to aspirate the effected lymph nodes.
==Treatment==
==Treatment==