**The valves are swollen and misshapen, so the heart cannot pump blood effectively to the circulation from the left ventricle. *** A substantial proportion of the blood passes back into the left atrium, compromising the filling from the pulmonary vein. **** Leads to back pressure on the pulmonary capillaries with oedema formation in the lungs. | **The valves are swollen and misshapen, so the heart cannot pump blood effectively to the circulation from the left ventricle. *** A substantial proportion of the blood passes back into the left atrium, compromising the filling from the pulmonary vein. **** Leads to back pressure on the pulmonary capillaries with oedema formation in the lungs. |