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Arachnid Flashcards (view source)

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[[Image:Deer tick.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Deer tick - Scott Bauer]]
 
[[Image:Deer tick.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Deer tick - Scott Bauer]]
−
 
+
===Arachnids===
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==<font color="purple">Arachnids</font>==
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<FlashCard questions="2">
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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|q1=What are the two divisions of the arachnid body?
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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|a1=
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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*Cephalo-thorax
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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*Abdomen
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|-
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|l1=Arachnida#Structure and Function
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|<big>'''What are the two divisions of the arachnid body?'''
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|q2=Summarise the arachnid life cycle
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|a2=
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*'''''Cephalo-thorax'''''
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*Larvae emerge from the egg
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*'''''Abdomen'''''
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*Nymphal stage follows the larval stage
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||[[Arachnida#Structure and Function|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Nymph undergoes ecdyses forming the adult
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|-
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|l2=Arachnida#Life Cycle
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|<big>'''Summarise the arachnid life cycle'''
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</FlashCard>
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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===Ticks===
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*'''''Larvae emerge from the egg'''''
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<FlashCard questions="11">
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*'''''Nymphal stage follows the larval stage'''''
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|q1=What are seed ticks?
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*'''''Nymph undergoes ecdyses forming the adult'''''
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|a1=Tick larvae
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||[[Arachnida#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l1=Arachnida#Life Cycle
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|}
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|q2=How can you differentiate hard ticks from soft ticks?
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|a2=
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==<font color="purple">Ticks</font>==
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*Soft ticks have no scutum
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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*The mouthparts are not visible from the dorsal surface of soft ticks
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!width="400"|'''Question'''
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*Hard ticks have festoons
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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*Hard ticks can be ornate
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|l2=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology
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|-
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|q3=True or False: Soft ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst taking a blood meal
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|<big>'''What are seed ticks?'''
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|a3=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*False
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*'''''Tick larvae'''''
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*Soft ticks feed little and often and cannot expand to three times their body size whilst feeding
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||[[Arachnida#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Female hard ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst engorging on a blood meal
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|-
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|l3=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology
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|<big>'''How can you differentiate hard ticks from soft ticks?'''
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|q4=List the mouthparts of ticks
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|a4=
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*'''''Soft ticks have no scutum'''''
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*Hypostome
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*'''''The mouthparts are not visible from the dorsal surface of soft ticks'''''
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*Chelicerae
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*'''''Hard ticks have festoons'''''
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*Palps
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*'''''Hard ticks can be ornate'''''
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|l4=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Mouthparts
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q5=Fill in the missing words about soft and hard ticks:
−
|-
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<p>Soft ticks feed ??? and on ??? hosts. Hard ticks take ??? at each life cycle stage and can feed on ??? different hosts during their life cycle.</p>
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|<big>'''True or False: Soft ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst taking a blood meal'''
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|a5=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*little and often
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*'''''False'''''
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*many
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*'''''Soft ticks feed little and often and cannot expand to three times their body size whilst feeding'''''
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*one blood meal
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*'''''Female hard ticks can swell up to three times their body size whilst engorging on a blood meal'''''
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*one, two or three
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Morphology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l5=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Life Cycle
−
|-
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|q6=What is trans-ovarian transmission and give an example of a species of tick which uses this
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|<big>'''List the mouthparts of ticks'''
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|a6=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Infection is passed from one generation of ticks to the next through the egg
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*'''''Hypostome'''''
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*Babesia
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*'''''Chelicerae'''''
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|l6=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission
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*'''''Palps'''''
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|q7=What is trans-stadial transmission?
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Mouthparts|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|a7=
−
|-
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*Parasite or microbial organism is ingested during feeding
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|<big>'''Fill in the missing words about soft and hard ticks'''
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*Organism passed onto the next host as the tick develops (only in two and three host ticks)
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||<big>Soft ticks feed <font color="white">'''''little and often'''''</font> and on <font color="white">'''''many hosts'''''</font>. Hard ticks take <font color="white">'''''one'''''</font> blood meal at each <font color="white">'''''life cycle stage'''''</font> and can feed on <font color="white">'''''one, two or three different hosts'''''</font> during their life cycle.
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*It is not passed onto the next generation through the egg
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Life Cycle|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l7=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission
−
|-
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|q8=What is the most important tick species in the UK, how many hosts does it feed upon and what disease can it spread?
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|<big>'''What is trans-ovarian transmission and give an example of a species of tick which uses this'''
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|a8=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Ixodes species
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*'''''Infection is passed from one generation of ticks to the next through the egg '''''
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*3 host tick
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*'''''Babesia'''''
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*Transmits Lyme Disease
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l8=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important UK Hard Ticks
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|-
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|q9=What climate does Rhipicephalus species prefer and what is it a vector for?
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|<big>'''What is trans-stadial transmission?'''
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|a9=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Warmer climates
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*'''''Parasite or microbial organism is ingested during feeding'''''
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*Theileria parva for East Coast Fever
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*'''''Organism passed onto the next host as the tick develops (only in two and three host ticks)'''''
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*Babesia bigemina
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*'''''It is not passed onto the next generation through the egg'''''
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*Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Disease Transmission|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l9=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Hard Ticks
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|-
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|q10=Name some important soft ticks
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|<big>'''What is the most important tick species in the UK, how many hosts does it feed upon and what disease can it spread?'''
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|a10=
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Argas species
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*'''''Ixodes species'''''
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*Ornithodorus species
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*'''''3 host tick'''''
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*Otobius species
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*'''''Transmits Lyme Disease'''''
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|l10=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Soft Ticks
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important UK Hard Ticks|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q11=
−
|-
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*What are the main methods of tick control?
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|<big>'''What climate does Rhipicephalus species prefer and what is it a vector for?'''
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*Killing ticks on the ground
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Separate the host from infection
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*'''''Warmer climates'''''
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*Killing ticks on the host
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*'''''Theileria parva for East Coast Fever'''''
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*Enhancing stock resistance
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*'''''Babesia bigemina'''''  
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|l11=Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Control
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*'''''Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis'''''
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</FlashCard>
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Hard Ticks|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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===Mites===
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|-
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<FlashCard questions="19">
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|<big>'''Name some important soft ticks'''
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|q1=How many pairs of legs do adult and nymph mites have respectively?
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|a1=
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*'''''Argas species'''''
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*Adults have 4 pairs of legs
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*'''''Ornithodorus species'''''
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*Nymphs have 3 pairs of legs
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*'''''Otobius species'''''
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|l1=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Astigmata Introduction
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Important Overseas Soft Ticks|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q2=What is the main feature which distinguishes burrowing mites from non-burrowing mites?
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|-
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|a2=
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|<big>'''What are the main methods of tick control?'''
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*Burrowing mites have short legs which project only a small distance from the body
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Non-burrowing mites have longer legs
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*'''''Killing ticks on the ground'''''
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|l2=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae
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*'''''Separate the host from infection'''''
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|q3=Is ''Sarcoptes'' as burrowing or non-burrowing mite?
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*'''''Killing ticks on the host'''''
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|a3=Buurrowing
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*'''''Enhancing stock resistance'''''
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|l3=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae
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||[[Suborder: Metastigmata, ticks#Control|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|q4=What clinical signs present in an infection caused by ''Sarcoptes'' mites?
−
|}
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|a4=
−
 
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*Erythema with papule formation
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==<font color="purple">Mites</font>==
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*Intense pruritis
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{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
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*Wrinkling and thickening of the skin
−
!width="400"|'''Question'''
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*Scabies
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!width="400"|'''Answer'''
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*Rash may present if a hypersensitivity reaction develops
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!width="150"|'''Article'''
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|l4=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae
−
|-
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|q5=Which species are affected by ''Knemidocoptes'' mites?
−
|<big>'''How many pairs of legs do adult and nymph mites have respectively?'''
+
|a5=Avians
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l5=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Knemidocoptes
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*'''''Adults have 4 pairs of legs'''''
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|q6=What are the three main species of ''Knemidocoptes'' mites and what conditions do they cause?
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*'''''Nymphs have 3 pairs of legs'''''
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|a6=
−
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Astigmata Introduction|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*K. mutans
−
|-
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**Causes scaly leg
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|<big>'''What is the main feature which distinguishes burrowing mites from non-burrowing mites?'''
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*K. gallinae
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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**Causes depluming itch
−
*'''''Burrowing mites have short legs which project only a small distance from the body'''''
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*K. pilae
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*'''''Non-burrowing mites have longer legs'''''
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**Causes scaly face and beak
−
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
|l6=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Knemidocoptes
−
|-
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|q7=Which species do ''Trixacarus'' mites affect and how long can it take before the infection causes death?
−
|<big>'''Is ''Sarcoptes'' as burrowing or non-burrowing mite?'''
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|a7=
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Labaratory rodents
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*'''''Buurrowing'''''
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**3-4 months after infection
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|l7=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Trixacarus
−
|-
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|q8=What shape are ''Demodex'' mites?
−
|<big>'''What clinical signs present in an infection caused by ''Sarcoptes'' mites?'''
+
|a8=Cigar shaped
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l8=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Demodex
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*'''''Erythema with papule formation'''''
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|q9=What are the two types of demodecosis caused by ''Demodex'' mites?
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*'''''Intense pruritis'''''
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|a9=
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*'''''Wrinkling and thickening of the skin'''''
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*Pustular
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*'''''Scabies'''''
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**Skin invasion by ''Stapylococcus''.
−
*'''''Rash may present if a hypersensitivity reaction develops'''''
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**More serious infection
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Sarcoptidae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Squamous
−
|-
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**Dry reaction
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|<big>'''Which species are affected by ''Knemidocoptes'' mites?'''
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**Less serious
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l9=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Demodex
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*'''''Avians'''''
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|q10=What species do ''Notoedres'' mites affect?
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Knemidocoptes|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|a10=
−
|-
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*Cats
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|<big>'''What are the three main species of ''Knemidocoptes'' mites and what conditions do they cause?'''
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*Rats
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Humans
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*'''''K. mutans'''''
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*Rabbits
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**'''''Causes scaly leg'''''
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*Tropical bats
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*'''''K. gallinae'''''
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|l10=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Notoedres
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**'''''Causes depluming itch'''''
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|q11=What are the main species of non-burrowing mites of veterinary importance?
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*'''''K. pilae'''''
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|a11=
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**'''''Causes scaly face and beak'''''
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*Chorioptes
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Knemidocoptes|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Psoroptes
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|-
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*Otodectes
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|<big>'''Which species do ''Trixacarus'' mites affect and how long can it take before the infection causes death?'''
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*Cheyletiella
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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*Dermanyssus
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*'''''Labaratory rodents'''''
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*Ornithonyssus
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**'''''3-4 months after infection'''''
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*Trombicula
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Trixacarus|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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*Leporacarus
−
|-
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*Varroa
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|<big>'''What shape are ''Demodex'' mites?'''
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*Forage mites
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||<font color="white"> <big>
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|l11=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Non-Burrowing Mites
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*'''''Cigar shaped'''''
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|q12=Do ''Psoroptes'' mites have segmented or unsegmented pedicles?
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Demodex|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
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|a12=Segmented
−
|-
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|l12=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes
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|<big>'''What are the two types of demodecosis caused by ''Demodex'' mites?'''
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|q13=What are the two main ''Psoroptes'' mites of veterinary importance?
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||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|a13=
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*'''''Pustular'''''
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*P. cuniculi
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**'''''Skin invasion by ''Stapylococcus''.'''''
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**Affects labaratory and pet rabbits
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**'''''More serious infection'''''
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*P. ovis
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*'''''Squamous'''''
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**Causes sheep scab
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**'''''Dry reaction'''''
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|l13=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes
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**'''''Less serious'''''
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|q14=Do ''Chorioptes'' mites have segmented or unsegmented pedicles and what is the main species of veterinary importance?
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||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Demodex|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
|a14=
−
|-
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*Unsgmented
−
|<big>'''What species do ''Notoedres'' mites affect?'''
+
*C. bovis
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||<font color="white"> <big>
+
|l14=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes
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*'''''Cats'''''
+
|q15=Which non-burrowing mite causes otitis externa in dogs?
−
*'''''Rats'''''
+
|a15=Otodectes cynotis
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*'''''Humans'''''
+
|l15=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Otodectes cynotis
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*'''''Rabbits'''''
+
|q16=Which non-burrowing mite causes walking dandruff?
−
*'''''Tropical bats'''''
+
|a16=Cheyleteilla
−
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Notoedres|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
|l16=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Cheyletiella sp.
−
|-
+
|q17=What is ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' better known as and does it spend most of its time on or off its host species?
−
|<big>'''What are the main species of non-burrowing mites of veterinary importance?'''
+
|a17=
−
||<font color="white"> <big>
+
*The poultry red mite
−
*'''''Chorioptes'''''
+
*Spends most of its time off of the host
−
*'''''Psoroptes'''''
+
|l17=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Dermanyssus gallinae
−
*'''''Otodectes'''''
+
|q18=Which mites are often found in feed stores and bedding and what problems do they cause?
−
*'''''Cheyletiella'''''
+
|a18=
−
*'''''Dermanyssus'''''
+
*Forage mites
−
*'''''Ornithonyssus'''''
+
*Causes respiratory distrubances and skin reactions
−
*'''''Trombicula'''''
+
|l18=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Forage Mites
−
*'''''Leporacarus'''''
+
|q19=To which industry do ''Varroa destructor'' pose a major problem?
−
*'''''Varroa'''''
+
|a19=Honeybee farming
−
*'''''Forage mites'''''
+
|l19=Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Varroa destructor
−
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Non-Burrowing Mites|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
+
</FlashCard>
−
|-
  −
|<big>'''Do ''Psoroptes'' mites have segmented or unsegmented pedicles?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Segmented'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''What are the two main ''Psoroptes'' mites of veterinary importance?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''P. cuniculi'''''
  −
**'''''Affects labaratory and pet rabbits'''''
  −
*'''''P. ovis'''''
  −
**'''''Causes sheep scab'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''Do ''Chorioptes'' mites have segmented or unsegmented pedicles and what is the main species of veterinary importance?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Unsgmented'''''
  −
*'''''C. bovis'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Psoroptes|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''Which non-burrowing mite causes otitis externa in dogs?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Otodectes cynotis'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Otodectes cynotis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''Which non-burrowing mite causes walking dandruff?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Cheyleteilla'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Cheyletiella sp.|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''What is ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' better known as and does it spend most of its time on or off its host species?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''The poultry red mite'''''
  −
*'''''Spends most of its time off of the host'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Dermanyssus gallinae|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''Which mites are often found in feed stores and bedding and what problems do they cause?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Forage mites'''''
  −
*'''''Causes respiratory distrubances and skin reactions'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Forage Mites|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|-
  −
|<big>'''To which industry do ''Varroa destructor'' pose a major problem?'''
  −
||<font color="white"> <big>
  −
*'''''Honeybee farming'''''
  −
||[[Suborder: Astigmata, astigmatid mites#Varroa destructor|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
  −
|}
 
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