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Cloacitis is a relatively common condition of lizards and may occur incidentally in individual animals. The severity of the lesions varies from a hardly noticeable local discoloration, seen as local reddened areas or as white streaks, to a fibrin’s or even necrotic inflammation, in which case the cloacal wall is more or less extensively covered with an exudate. It may be associated with the presence of cloacal calculi of orates or gravel. Possible outcomes include an ascending infection of [[Lizard Gastrointestinal System|intestinal]], [[Lizard Urinary System|urinary]] or [[Lizard Reproductive System|reproductive]] tracts.

Cloacitis is a relatively common condition of lizards and may occur incidentally in individual animals. The severity of the lesions varies from a hardly noticeable local discoloration, seen as local reddened areas or as white streaks, to a fibrin’s or even necrotic inflammation, in which case the cloacal wall is more or less extensively covered with an exudate. It may be associated with the presence of cloacal calculi of orates or gravel. Possible outcomes include an ascending infection of [[Lizard Gastrointestinal System|intestinal]], [[Lizard Urinary System|urinary]] or [[Lizard Reproductive System|reproductive]] tracts.

'''Clinical signs''' range from mild to severe:

'''Clinical signs''' range from mild to severe:

*Mild:

*Mild:

** Slight oedema and ulceration of cloacal lips due to rubbing of cloaca on substrate

** Slight oedema and ulceration of cloacal lips due to rubbing of [[Cloaca|cloaca]] on substrate

*Severe:

*Severe:

**Massively swollen cloaca +/- bloody discharge

**Massively swollen [[Cloaca|cloaca]] +/- bloody discharge

**Sensitive to touch

**Sensitive to touch

**May occur with hemipene/oviduct prolapse

**May occur with hemipene/oviduct prolapse

'''Diagnosis''' - History taking, [[Lizard Physical Examination|physical examination]], microscopy, culture and sensitivity.

'''Diagnosis''' - History taking, [[Lizard Physical Examination|physical examination]], microscopy, culture and sensitivity.

'''Treatment''' should include thorough but gentle cleansing, a local application of antibiotics and the animal should be placed on non-adherent substrate. If the condition is severe, parenteral antibiotics are advised. Appropriate [[Lizard Husbandry Requirements|husbandry]] and [[Lizard Diet|diet]] are essential.[[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases|C]]

'''Treatment''' should include thorough but gentle cleansing, a local application of antibiotics and the animal should be placed on non-adherent substrate. If the condition is severe, parenteral antibiotics are advised. Appropriate [[Lizard Husbandry Requirements|husbandry]] and [[Reptile Diet Composition|diet]] are essential.[[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases|C]]