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Ribs and Sternum - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 12:24, 20 March 2010
, 12:24, 20 March 2010→Thoracic Musculature
**Expiratory muscles diminish the cavity and force air out
**Expiratory muscles diminish the cavity and force air out
*The most important thoracic muscle is the '''''Diaphragm''''', which separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
*The most important thoracic muscle is the '''''Diaphragm''''', which separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
**Dome-shaped, convex on its cranial surface
**Dome-shaped, convex on its cranial surface
**Central tendon forms the vertex
**Central tendon forms the vertex
**Attaches via muscular periphery to the costal arch
**Attaches via muscular periphery to the costal arch
[[Image: Intercostal.JPG|thumb|right|150px|Intercostal muscles with nerve and vessels- Copyright C. Clarkson and T.F. Fletcher, University of Minnesota]]
[[Image: Intercostal.JPG|thumb|right|150px|Intercostal muscles with nerve and vessels- Copyright C. Clarkson and T.F. Fletcher, University of Minnesota]]
**Three openings:
**The Diaphragm has three openings:
***'''Aortic hilus''' conveying the aorta, azygous vien, and thoracic duct
***'''Aortic hilus''' conveying the aorta, azygous vien, and thoracic duct
***'''Oesophageal hiatus''' conveying the oesophagus, vagal trunks and supplying vessels
***'''Oesophageal hiatus''' conveying the oesophagus, vagal trunks and supplying vessels
**Innervated by the '''phrenic nerve''', which arises from the caudal cervical nerves (C5-C7)
**Innervated by the '''phrenic nerve''', which arises from the caudal cervical nerves (C5-C7)
*''Intercostal muscles''
**External fibers run caudoventrally and internal fibers run cranioventrally
**External fibers run caudoventrally and internal fibers run cranioventrally
**Each is confined to a single intercostal space
**Each is confined to a single intercostal space