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Created page with '*Also known as midges *''Culicoides'' the most important veterinary species *Found worldwide *Attacks a wide variety of animals and also attacks humans '''Recognition''' *Sm…'
*Also known as midges
*''Culicoides'' the most important veterinary species
*Found worldwide
*Attacks a wide variety of animals and also attacks humans
'''Recognition'''
*Small flies 2-5mm long
*Dark colouring
*Arched thorax giving a 'hump-backed' appearance
*Mottled wings
'''Life cycle'''
*Eggs laid on plants near water
*Larvae fall into water and pupate
*Life cycle takes '''6-12 months''' to complete in temperate climates
**Takes only '''1 month''' in tropical climates
'''Pathogenesis'''
*Most active in late afternoon and early evening
*Painful irritating bites
**Only females suck blood
*Causes [[Skin Immunologic - Pathology#Culicoides hypersensitivity|'Sweet itch']], a culicoides hypersensitivity reaction
**Seasonally occurring allergic dermatitis of horses
**Affects the base of the tail and the withers
**Intermediate-type hypersensitivity reaction to the midge saliva
*Vectors for viruses
**[[Bluetongue Virus|Bluetongue]] and [[African Horse Sickness|African horse sickness]]
*Vectors for parasites
**''Onchocerca spp.'' in cattle and horses
**[[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Protozoa|Protozoal skin infections]]
*Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Flies|skin infections]]
**[[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Onchocerciasis|Onchocerciasis]]
**Involved in [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Cutaneous habronemiasis|cutaneous habronemiasis]]
**Involved in [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Stephanofilariasis|stephanofilariasis]]
'''Control'''
This is difficult due to the extensive breeding sites
*Drainage of breeding sites
*Stable horses at peak midge activity times e.g. from late afternoon to early morning
*Insecticide fly strips in stable
*Topical fly repellent
[[Category:Parasites]][[Category:Flies]][[Category:Biting_Flies]]
*''Culicoides'' the most important veterinary species
*Found worldwide
*Attacks a wide variety of animals and also attacks humans
'''Recognition'''
*Small flies 2-5mm long
*Dark colouring
*Arched thorax giving a 'hump-backed' appearance
*Mottled wings
'''Life cycle'''
*Eggs laid on plants near water
*Larvae fall into water and pupate
*Life cycle takes '''6-12 months''' to complete in temperate climates
**Takes only '''1 month''' in tropical climates
'''Pathogenesis'''
*Most active in late afternoon and early evening
*Painful irritating bites
**Only females suck blood
*Causes [[Skin Immunologic - Pathology#Culicoides hypersensitivity|'Sweet itch']], a culicoides hypersensitivity reaction
**Seasonally occurring allergic dermatitis of horses
**Affects the base of the tail and the withers
**Intermediate-type hypersensitivity reaction to the midge saliva
*Vectors for viruses
**[[Bluetongue Virus|Bluetongue]] and [[African Horse Sickness|African horse sickness]]
*Vectors for parasites
**''Onchocerca spp.'' in cattle and horses
**[[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Protozoa|Protozoal skin infections]]
*Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Flies|skin infections]]
**[[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Onchocerciasis|Onchocerciasis]]
**Involved in [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Cutaneous habronemiasis|cutaneous habronemiasis]]
**Involved in [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Stephanofilariasis|stephanofilariasis]]
'''Control'''
This is difficult due to the extensive breeding sites
*Drainage of breeding sites
*Stable horses at peak midge activity times e.g. from late afternoon to early morning
*Insecticide fly strips in stable
*Topical fly repellent
[[Category:Parasites]][[Category:Flies]][[Category:Biting_Flies]]