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Created page with '==Transmission== *Close contact *Adults and larvae can be transferred from one skin surface to another ==Pathogenesis== *Erythema with papule formation *Scale and crust forma…'
==Transmission==
*Close contact
*Adults and larvae can be transferred from one skin surface to another
==Pathogenesis==
*Erythema with papule formation
*Scale and crust formation
**Alopecia
*Intense pruritus for 1 week
**Self-inflicted trauma
**Scab formation
*Wrinkling and thickening of skin
*[[Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Hypersensitivity]] may develop
**Rash develops
''Sarcoptes scabiei''
*Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Scabies|scabies]]
*Strains of ''S. scabiei'' can be passed between different animals and cause clinical signs although the infection is likely to resolve spontaneously and be unlikely to establish
'''Diagnosis'''
*Skin scraping until capillary blood appears
**Adults, eggs, immature mites and faecal pellets can be seen microscopically
*Place material on a microscope slide
*Add 10% KOH
*Warm slide over bunsen flame
'''Treatment'''
*Acaricide
**For more information on acaricides click [[Ectoparasiticides|here]]
*Treat both infected and in-contact animals
*Older products have to be given in repeat treatments
*Avermectins are effective in farm animals
*Selamectin is available as a good spot-on for dogs
*Control for pigs:
**Treat sows before entering the farrowing pen
**Treat boars at 6 month intervals
=====Sarcoptic mange in different species=====
'''Dogs'''
*Highly contagious
*Intense pruritus
*First signs appear at edges of ears, then progresses to muzzle, face and elbows
'''Cats'''
*Rare
'''Pigs'''
*Important condition, 35% pigs are asymptomatic carriers
*First signs of infestation appear on the ears before spreading to the rest of the body
*Transmission from sow to piglets whilst suckling and from boars to gilts at service
*Infestation adversely affects productivity
'''Cattle'''
*Most frequently seen in housed cattle
*'''Notifiable in USA and Canada'''
*Often called 'neck and tail mange' as lesions most often seen on neck and tail
*Infestation adversely affects productivity
'''Sheep'''
*'''Notifiable in UK'''
*Lesions on hairy parts of face
**E.g. Face, ears, axillae and groin
*Causes considerable hide damage in local African breeds of long haired sheep
'''Horses'''
*'''Notifiable in UK'''
*Lesions begin on head, neck and shoulders then spread to rest of body[[Category:Parasites]][[Category:Mites]]
*Close contact
*Adults and larvae can be transferred from one skin surface to another
==Pathogenesis==
*Erythema with papule formation
*Scale and crust formation
**Alopecia
*Intense pruritus for 1 week
**Self-inflicted trauma
**Scab formation
*Wrinkling and thickening of skin
*[[Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood|Hypersensitivity]] may develop
**Rash develops
''Sarcoptes scabiei''
*Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Scabies|scabies]]
*Strains of ''S. scabiei'' can be passed between different animals and cause clinical signs although the infection is likely to resolve spontaneously and be unlikely to establish
'''Diagnosis'''
*Skin scraping until capillary blood appears
**Adults, eggs, immature mites and faecal pellets can be seen microscopically
*Place material on a microscope slide
*Add 10% KOH
*Warm slide over bunsen flame
'''Treatment'''
*Acaricide
**For more information on acaricides click [[Ectoparasiticides|here]]
*Treat both infected and in-contact animals
*Older products have to be given in repeat treatments
*Avermectins are effective in farm animals
*Selamectin is available as a good spot-on for dogs
*Control for pigs:
**Treat sows before entering the farrowing pen
**Treat boars at 6 month intervals
=====Sarcoptic mange in different species=====
'''Dogs'''
*Highly contagious
*Intense pruritus
*First signs appear at edges of ears, then progresses to muzzle, face and elbows
'''Cats'''
*Rare
'''Pigs'''
*Important condition, 35% pigs are asymptomatic carriers
*First signs of infestation appear on the ears before spreading to the rest of the body
*Transmission from sow to piglets whilst suckling and from boars to gilts at service
*Infestation adversely affects productivity
'''Cattle'''
*Most frequently seen in housed cattle
*'''Notifiable in USA and Canada'''
*Often called 'neck and tail mange' as lesions most often seen on neck and tail
*Infestation adversely affects productivity
'''Sheep'''
*'''Notifiable in UK'''
*Lesions on hairy parts of face
**E.g. Face, ears, axillae and groin
*Causes considerable hide damage in local African breeds of long haired sheep
'''Horses'''
*'''Notifiable in UK'''
*Lesions begin on head, neck and shoulders then spread to rest of body[[Category:Parasites]][[Category:Mites]]