Author, Donkey, Bureaucrats, Administrators
53,803
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
mLine 2:
Line 2: − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + Line 28:
Line 28: − + Line 34:
Line 34: − + − + − + − + Line 53:
Line 53: − + Line 86:
Line 86: − + Line 92:
Line 92: − +
Text replace - 'Eimeria' to 'Eimeria'
'''Pathogenesis'''
'''Pathogenesis'''
*7 important ''Eimeria'' species
*7 important ''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]]'' species
*4 malabsorptive species
*4 malabsorptive species
**''Eimeria acervulina'' which is moderately pathogenic
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] acervulina'' which is moderately pathogenic
**''Eimeria maxima'' which is moderately pathogenic
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] maxima'' which is moderately pathogenic
**''Eimeria mitis'' which has low pathogenicity
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] mitis'' which has low pathogenicity
**''Eimeria praecox'' which has low pathogenicity
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] praecox'' which has low pathogenicity
*3 haemorrhagic species
*3 haemorrhagic species
**''Eimeria tenella''
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] tenella''
**''Eimeria necatrix''
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] necatrix''
**''Eimeria brunetti''
**''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] brunetti''
**All highly pathogenic
**All highly pathogenic
**Form large sub-epithelial second generation schizonts at the base of intestinal crypts
**Form large sub-epithelial second generation schizonts at the base of intestinal crypts
**Size of schizonts and oocysts found in mucosal scrapings
**Size of schizonts and oocysts found in mucosal scrapings
*''Eimeria acervulina''
*''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] acervulina''
**Proximal gut
**Proximal gut
**Thickening of walls
**Thickening of walls
**Watery exudate
**Watery exudate
*''Eimeria maxima''
*''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] maxima''
**Mid-gut
**Mid-gut
**Thickening of walls
**Thickening of walls
**Pink exudate
**Pink exudate
*''Eimeria tenella''
*''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] tenella''
**Swollen [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caeca]]
**Swollen [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caeca]]
**Thickening of wall
**Thickening of wall
**Dark colouring containing a core of necrotic tissue and blood
**Dark colouring containing a core of necrotic tissue and blood
*Lesion scoring is the best method of diagnosing the severity of the lesions and therefore the causative ''Eimeria'' species
*Lesion scoring is the best method of diagnosing the severity of the lesions and therefore the causative ''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]]'' species
*''Eimeria necatrix''
*''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]] necatrix''
**Mid-gut
**Mid-gut
**Ballooning of wall
**Ballooning of wall
'''Immunity'''
'''Immunity'''
*Different ''Eimeria'' species produce different levels of protective immunity
*Different ''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]]'' species produce different levels of protective immunity
**''E.maxima'' -> ''E.brunetti'' and ''E.acervulina'' -> ''E.tenella'' and ''E.necatrix''
**''E.maxima'' -> ''E.brunetti'' and ''E.acervulina'' -> ''E.tenella'' and ''E.necatrix''
**Paracox
**Paracox
***Multivalent attenuated [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#What antigen(s) do we use in the vaccine?|live vaccine]] for replacement layers and broilers
***Multivalent attenuated [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#What antigen(s) do we use in the vaccine?|live vaccine]] for replacement layers and broilers
***Contains 7 live strains of ''Eimeria''
***Contains 7 live strains of ''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]]''
***Lack the most pathogenic life cycle stage making the prepatent period shorter
***Lack the most pathogenic life cycle stage making the prepatent period shorter
***Known as '''precocious''' strains
***Known as '''precocious''' strains
***[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccinated]] birds have sub-optimal growth rates so is not used for broilers
***[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccinated]] birds have sub-optimal growth rates so is not used for broilers
**Paracox 5
**Paracox 5
***Contains 5 strains of the most pathogenic ''Eimeria''
***Contains 5 strains of the most pathogenic ''[[Eimeria spp.|Eimeria]]''
***Used for broilers
***Used for broilers
***Sprayed onto the first feed offered to new batches of chicks
***Sprayed onto the first feed offered to new batches of chicks