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Created page with '*Usually long filamentous branching Gram positive rods *Anaerobic or facultativlyy anaerobic and capnophilic *Live in nasopharyngeal and oral mucosa *Cause pyogranulomatous lesio…'
*Usually long filamentous branching Gram positive rods
*Anaerobic or facultativlyy anaerobic and capnophilic
*Live in nasopharyngeal and oral mucosa
*Cause pyogranulomatous lesions
**''Actinomyces bovis''
***Found naturally in oral cavity of cattle
***Prefers anaerobic conditions but not strict anaerobe
***Entry of organism into tissues following trauma to the mucosa from rough feed or tooth eruption
***Causes [[Chronic Inflammation - Pathology#Granulomatous Inflammation|granulomatous inflammation]] of soft tissues and bone, causing [[Teeth - Pathology#Mandibular Osteomyelitis|lumpy jaw]]
***Usually invades mandible to cause [[Bones Inflammatory - Pathology#Osteomyelitis|osteomyelitis]] and may extend to surrounding [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Actinomycosis bovis|muscles]]
***The lesions begins as a painless swelling of the affected bone
***Swelling becomes more painful and enlarges over a number of weeks, gaining fistulous tracts which discharge pus
***Organisms found in yellow sulphur granules
***Club colony formation
***Colonies adhere to agar media and are non-haemolytic
***Surgical treatment possible when lesions are small
***Prolonged parenteral penicillin treatment may be beneficial early in the disease
**''Actinomyces viscosus''
***Commensal of oral cavity of dogs and humans
***Canine actinomycosis
***Causes localised subcutaneous pyogranulomatous lesions and fibrovascular proliferation of peritoneal ([[Peritoneal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#In dogs|peritonitis]]) and pleural surfaces in dogs
***Leads to [[Pleural Cavity & Membranes Inflammatory - Pathology#Pyothorax (Thoracic empyema)|pyothorax]]
***Respiratory distress
***[[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|Cutaneous pustules]] in horses
***Abortion in cattle
***Rods contained in soft grey granules which release the organism when squashed
***Two types of colonies: large and smooth colonies with V, Y and T configurations or small and rough colonies with short branching filaments
***Grow in 10% carbon dioxide
***Usually responds to penicillin
**''Actinomyces hordeovulneris''
***Organism found in seed heads of certain grasses
***Colonies adhere to agar and are non-haemolytic
***Filamentous, branching organisms
***Cause [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|cutaneous]] and visceral abscessation, pleuritis, peritonitis and arthritis in dogs
[[Category:Actinomycetes]][[Category:Gram positive bacteria]]
*Anaerobic or facultativlyy anaerobic and capnophilic
*Live in nasopharyngeal and oral mucosa
*Cause pyogranulomatous lesions
**''Actinomyces bovis''
***Found naturally in oral cavity of cattle
***Prefers anaerobic conditions but not strict anaerobe
***Entry of organism into tissues following trauma to the mucosa from rough feed or tooth eruption
***Causes [[Chronic Inflammation - Pathology#Granulomatous Inflammation|granulomatous inflammation]] of soft tissues and bone, causing [[Teeth - Pathology#Mandibular Osteomyelitis|lumpy jaw]]
***Usually invades mandible to cause [[Bones Inflammatory - Pathology#Osteomyelitis|osteomyelitis]] and may extend to surrounding [[Muscles Inflammatory - Pathology#Actinomycosis bovis|muscles]]
***The lesions begins as a painless swelling of the affected bone
***Swelling becomes more painful and enlarges over a number of weeks, gaining fistulous tracts which discharge pus
***Organisms found in yellow sulphur granules
***Club colony formation
***Colonies adhere to agar media and are non-haemolytic
***Surgical treatment possible when lesions are small
***Prolonged parenteral penicillin treatment may be beneficial early in the disease
**''Actinomyces viscosus''
***Commensal of oral cavity of dogs and humans
***Canine actinomycosis
***Causes localised subcutaneous pyogranulomatous lesions and fibrovascular proliferation of peritoneal ([[Peritoneal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#In dogs|peritonitis]]) and pleural surfaces in dogs
***Leads to [[Pleural Cavity & Membranes Inflammatory - Pathology#Pyothorax (Thoracic empyema)|pyothorax]]
***Respiratory distress
***[[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|Cutaneous pustules]] in horses
***Abortion in cattle
***Rods contained in soft grey granules which release the organism when squashed
***Two types of colonies: large and smooth colonies with V, Y and T configurations or small and rough colonies with short branching filaments
***Grow in 10% carbon dioxide
***Usually responds to penicillin
**''Actinomyces hordeovulneris''
***Organism found in seed heads of certain grasses
***Colonies adhere to agar and are non-haemolytic
***Filamentous, branching organisms
***Cause [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|cutaneous]] and visceral abscessation, pleuritis, peritonitis and arthritis in dogs
[[Category:Actinomycetes]][[Category:Gram positive bacteria]]