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* Intense activation of T cells, [[Cytokines - WikiBlood|cytokine]] release and [[Macrophages - WikiBlood|macrophage]] activation cause necrosis of surrounding tissue, granuloma formation leading to destruction of host tissue.
 
* Intense activation of T cells, [[Cytokines - WikiBlood|cytokine]] release and [[Macrophages - WikiBlood|macrophage]] activation cause necrosis of surrounding tissue, granuloma formation leading to destruction of host tissue.
 
* Composed of epithelial cell, [[Macrophages - WikiBlood#Giant cells|giant cells]] and [[Macrophages - WikiBlood|macrophage]] in response to infection, for example:
 
* Composed of epithelial cell, [[Macrophages - WikiBlood#Giant cells|giant cells]] and [[Macrophages - WikiBlood|macrophage]] in response to infection, for example:
** [[Mycobacteria spp.|''Mycobacterium tubercle'']]
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** [[:Category:Mycobacterium species|''Mycobacterium tubercle'']]
 
** Schistosome eggs
 
** Schistosome eggs
 
* Granulomas can obstruct normal organ function:
 
* Granulomas can obstruct normal organ function:
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* Injection of intradermal antigen into the skin.
 
* Injection of intradermal antigen into the skin.
 
* A skin reaction (infiltration of lymphocytes and [[Monocytes - WikiBlood]]) peaking at 48-72 hours indicates prior exposure to the antigen or ongoing infection.
 
* A skin reaction (infiltration of lymphocytes and [[Monocytes - WikiBlood]]) peaking at 48-72 hours indicates prior exposure to the antigen or ongoing infection.
* It is used for TB testing cattle; the antigen is purified protein derivative-PPD from [[Mycobacteria spp.|''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'']].
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* It is used for TB testing cattle; the antigen is purified protein derivative-PPD from [[:Category:Mycobacterium species|''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'']].
 
* Presently in the UK the animal is culled if it has a positive skin reaction.
 
* Presently in the UK the animal is culled if it has a positive skin reaction.
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