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Category:Rickettsiales (view source)

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[[Ehrlichia phagocytophila]]

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~~===Heartwater===~~

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[[Cowdria ruminantium]]

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*Severe disease of ruminants in sub-Saharan Africa caused by ''Cowdria ruminantium''

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*Vectors include ''Amblyomma'' ticks

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*Carrier status can occur for up to 8 months in adult cattle and wildebeest

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*Clinical disease in calves and lambs

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*Clinical signs

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**Incubation period 4 weeks

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**Acute fever

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**Neurological signs including chewing, twitching of eyelids, circling, high-stepping gait, convulsions and recumbency; can be fatal

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**Subacute cases suffer from hydropericardium, hydrothorax and pulmonary oedema and congestion; splenomegaly and haemorrhages may occur

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*Diagnosis

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**Clinical and post mortem findings in endemic areas suggestive

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**Orgnisms present in nuclei of endothelial cells in Giemsa-stained brain tissue

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**PCR, indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA and western blot

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*Treatment and control

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**Tetracyclines during early disease

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**Immunisation using infected blood

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===Bovine anaplasmosis===

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