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Created page with '===Heartwater=== *Severe disease of ruminants in sub-Saharan Africa caused by ''Cowdria ruminantium'' *Vectors include ''Amblyomma'' ticks *Carrier status can occur for up to 8 …'
===Heartwater===
*Severe disease of ruminants in sub-Saharan Africa caused by ''Cowdria ruminantium''
*Vectors include ''Amblyomma'' ticks
*Carrier status can occur for up to 8 months in adult cattle and wildebeest
*Clinical disease in calves and lambs
*Clinical signs
**Incubation period 4 weeks
**Acute fever
**Neurological signs including chewing, twitching of eyelids, circling, high-stepping gait, convulsions and recumbency; can be fatal
**Subacute cases suffer from hydropericardium, hydrothorax and pulmonary oedema and congestion; splenomegaly and haemorrhages may occur
*Diagnosis
**Clinical and post mortem findings in endemic areas suggestive
**Orgnisms present in nuclei of endothelial cells in Giemsa-stained brain tissue
**PCR, indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA and western blot
*Treatment and control
**Tetracyclines during early disease
**Immunisation using infected blood
[[Category:Rickettsiales]][[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Goat]]
*Severe disease of ruminants in sub-Saharan Africa caused by ''Cowdria ruminantium''
*Vectors include ''Amblyomma'' ticks
*Carrier status can occur for up to 8 months in adult cattle and wildebeest
*Clinical disease in calves and lambs
*Clinical signs
**Incubation period 4 weeks
**Acute fever
**Neurological signs including chewing, twitching of eyelids, circling, high-stepping gait, convulsions and recumbency; can be fatal
**Subacute cases suffer from hydropericardium, hydrothorax and pulmonary oedema and congestion; splenomegaly and haemorrhages may occur
*Diagnosis
**Clinical and post mortem findings in endemic areas suggestive
**Orgnisms present in nuclei of endothelial cells in Giemsa-stained brain tissue
**PCR, indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA and western blot
*Treatment and control
**Tetracyclines during early disease
**Immunisation using infected blood
[[Category:Rickettsiales]][[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Goat]]