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| − | {{unfinished}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Asfarviridae]] |
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| − | {{toplink
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| − | |linkpage =Viruses
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| − | |linktext =VIRUSES
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| − | |pagetype =Bugs
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| − | }}
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| − | <br>
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| − | | |
| − | =Introduction=
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| − | Asfarviridae receives it's name from '''A'''frican '''S'''wine '''F'''ever virus, which is derived from any of this family of viruses. ASF is a serious exotic virus that should not be confused with [[Classical Swine Fever]].
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| − | | |
| − | =Morphology=
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| − | *Large, enveloped, icosahedral, '''cytoplasmic''' DNA virus
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| − | =Virulence and Pathogenesis=
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| − | *Infects either '''upper respiratory tract''' or '''skin''' via '''ticks'''
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| − | *Enters bloodstream in [[Monocytes - WikiBlood|monocytes]]
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| − | *Reaches viscera and bone marrow within days
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| − | *Induces a '''clotting defect''' and '''hemolysis''' in red blood cells
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| − | *Also affects lymphocytes:
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| − | **Infects Th cells and causes them not to produce B-stimulating cytokines
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| − | **Antigen-stimulated B-cells undergo apoptosis rather than producing antibody
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| − | *General cell signal transduction is blocked, decreasing non-specific immunity
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| − | ''Acute Virus (Africa)''
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| − | *Clinical Signs:
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| − | **Nasal discharge, diarrhoea, reddening of the skin
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| − | *Death within 7 days
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| − | *PM: widespread internal hemorrhage
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| − | ''Subacute Virus (Europe)''
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| − | *PM: Petechial hemorrhages may be seen under kidney capsule
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| − | *Mortality: 30-70%
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| − | *Survivors may lose body condition, have skin ulcers and joint swelling
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| − | =Epidemiology=
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| − | *Can persist on infected premises for months
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| − | *Subacute recovered pigs become antibody-positive carriers
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| − | *Transfer:
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| − | **Africa: vertical transfer between '''soft ticks'''
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| − | **Europe/Africa: '''direct contact''' with carrier pigs, '''aerosol''', infected swill, etc.
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| − | =Diagnosis=
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| − | *Mortalities with widespread hemorrhage, particularly in lymph nodes
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| − | *Test to distinguish from [[Classical Swine Fever]] and [[Porcine Circoviruses]]
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| − | *Immunofluorescence
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| − | *PCR
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| − | =Control=
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| − | *No vaccine is available
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| − | Prevention:
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| − | *Boiling swill
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| − | *Isolation of sick pigs, domestic pigs from wild pigs
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| − | *Keep pigs on concrete, not soil (to lessen tick contact)
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