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Redirected page to Category:Asfarviridae
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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Asfarviridae]]
 
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{{toplink
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|linkpage =Viruses
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|linktext =VIRUSES
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|pagetype =Bugs
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}}
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<br>
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=Introduction=
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Asfarviridae receives it's name from '''A'''frican '''S'''wine '''F'''ever virus, which is derived from any of this family of viruses.  ASF is a serious exotic virus that should not be confused with [[Classical Swine Fever]].
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=Morphology=
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*Large, enveloped, icosahedral, '''cytoplasmic''' DNA virus
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=Virulence and Pathogenesis=
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*Infects either '''upper respiratory tract''' or '''skin''' via '''ticks'''
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*Enters bloodstream in [[Monocytes - WikiBlood|monocytes]]
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*Reaches viscera and bone marrow within days
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*Induces a '''clotting defect''' and '''hemolysis''' in red blood cells
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*Also affects lymphocytes:
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**Infects Th cells and causes them not to produce B-stimulating cytokines
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**Antigen-stimulated B-cells undergo apoptosis rather than producing antibody
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*General cell signal transduction is blocked, decreasing non-specific immunity
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''Acute Virus (Africa)''
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*Clinical Signs:
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**Nasal discharge, diarrhoea, reddening of the skin
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*Death within 7 days
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*PM: widespread internal hemorrhage
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''Subacute Virus (Europe)''
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*PM: Petechial hemorrhages may be seen under kidney capsule
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*Mortality: 30-70%
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*Survivors may lose body condition, have skin ulcers and joint swelling
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=Epidemiology=
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*Can persist on infected premises for months
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*Subacute recovered pigs become antibody-positive carriers
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*Transfer:
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**Africa: vertical transfer between '''soft ticks'''
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**Europe/Africa: '''direct contact''' with carrier pigs, '''aerosol''', infected swill, etc.
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=Diagnosis=
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*Mortalities with widespread hemorrhage, particularly in lymph nodes
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*Test to distinguish from  [[Classical Swine Fever]] and [[Porcine Circoviruses]]
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*Immunofluorescence
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*PCR
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=Control=
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*No vaccine is available
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Prevention:
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*Boiling swill
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*Isolation of sick pigs, domestic pigs from wild pigs
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*Keep pigs on concrete, not soil (to lessen tick contact)
 
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