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Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (view source)
Revision as of 10:19, 22 May 2010
, 10:19, 22 May 2010Created page with ' Also known as IBR Caused by:Bovine Herpesvirus 1 : aerosol transfer ====Pathogenesis==== *BHV-1 infects the respiratory mucosal epithelial cells (intranuclear inclusion eo…'
Also known as IBR
Caused by:[[Bovine Herpesvirus 1]]
: aerosol transfer
====Pathogenesis====
*BHV-1 infects the respiratory mucosal epithelial cells (intranuclear inclusion eosinophilic inclusion bodies)from nasal mucosa down to bronchioles
**Leading to neutrophilic inflammation of varying severity: serous -> catarrhal -> purulent nasal discharge, sneezing, coughing
*Dypsnoea, anorexia
*Rhinotracheitis that can develop into bronchopneumonia
*Clinical signs include coughing, discharge, lacrimation, and increased respiratory rate
*Clinical disease most severe in young calves - can develop mucosal ulcerative lesions in the oesophagus and forestomachs and viraemia with multiorgan infection
*Generally high morbidity, low mortality, but up to 75% mortality if concurrent with [[Bovine Virus Diarrhoea Virus|BVDV]], caused by meningo-encephalitis
====Diagnosis====
*Virus isolation and immunofluorescence
====Control====
*'''Vaccination''':
**Two '''live attenuated''' vaccines are available in the UK, one is temperature-sensitive
***Both given intranasally
***Neither protect against re-infection when given during clinical outbreak, but can lessen the severity of the disease
**'''Inactivated''' vaccines: intranasal/intramuscular administration
***gE deletion makes this a '''marker vaccine'''
***ELISA for gE deletion can enable culling of carrier animals
*IPV has mostly been made obsolete by AI
[[Category:Cattle]]