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Created page with '{| style="color:darkblue;background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" |'''Upper Block''' |'''Lower Block''' |- | Acute vomiting | Gradual intestinal di…'
{| style="color:darkblue;background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|'''Upper Block'''
|'''Lower Block'''
|-
| Acute vomiting
| Gradual intestinal distention
|-
| Dehydration
| Mucosal destruction
|-
| Alkalosis
| Toxaemia
|-
| Pre-renal azotaemia
| Peritonitis
|}
*Commonly in cattle, horses and dogs.
*The most common sites of obstruction are the '''thoracic inlet''', '''the base of the heart''', and the '''hiatus oesophagus''' of the diaphragm, i.e.: the narrowest points.
====Clinical Signs====
====Horse====
*With foods that expand in [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] such as haylage etc.
*Also seen with whole apples.
====Cattle====
[[Image:Bovimpaction.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Impaction of a bovine oesophagus (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
*May eat a spherical object that obstructs the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] mostly in anterior 1/3rd of [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and can often be palpated in live animal.
*Potatoes can be a cheap source of feed and if fed whole can become stuck in [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]].
*If obstruction occurs further down can be difficult to diagnose and remove.
*Cattle develop bloat when [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] obstructed.
*Apples fairly easily to dislodge.
====Dog====
*Usually with small bones
*Animals that feel protective of feed may gulp food down quickly, particularly if given small chops / knuckle bones.
*Knobbly shape may make bone lodge in [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], particularly just anterior to heart.
*Very difficult to dislodge (because of shape).
*Pressure necrosis occurs very quickly around it and can erode through [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] within about 24 hours.
*Small bone may also lodge in [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] if they pass through the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]].
[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Horse]][[Category:Dog]]
|'''Upper Block'''
|'''Lower Block'''
|-
| Acute vomiting
| Gradual intestinal distention
|-
| Dehydration
| Mucosal destruction
|-
| Alkalosis
| Toxaemia
|-
| Pre-renal azotaemia
| Peritonitis
|}
*Commonly in cattle, horses and dogs.
*The most common sites of obstruction are the '''thoracic inlet''', '''the base of the heart''', and the '''hiatus oesophagus''' of the diaphragm, i.e.: the narrowest points.
====Clinical Signs====
====Horse====
*With foods that expand in [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] such as haylage etc.
*Also seen with whole apples.
====Cattle====
[[Image:Bovimpaction.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Impaction of a bovine oesophagus (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
*May eat a spherical object that obstructs the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] mostly in anterior 1/3rd of [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and can often be palpated in live animal.
*Potatoes can be a cheap source of feed and if fed whole can become stuck in [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]].
*If obstruction occurs further down can be difficult to diagnose and remove.
*Cattle develop bloat when [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] obstructed.
*Apples fairly easily to dislodge.
====Dog====
*Usually with small bones
*Animals that feel protective of feed may gulp food down quickly, particularly if given small chops / knuckle bones.
*Knobbly shape may make bone lodge in [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], particularly just anterior to heart.
*Very difficult to dislodge (because of shape).
*Pressure necrosis occurs very quickly around it and can erode through [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] within about 24 hours.
*Small bone may also lodge in [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] if they pass through the [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]].
[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Horse]][[Category:Dog]]