*Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual'''
*Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual'''
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==From Pathology==
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[[Image:epulis.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Canine Epulis (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
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*aka: Fibromatous epulis of periodontal ligament origin
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Neoplastic
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*17% of cases.
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*Proliferation of fibrous tissue with variety of osteoid, [[Cementum - Anatomy & Physiology|cementum]] or [[Dentine - Anatomy & Physiology|dentine]]-like material.
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*Isolated strands or islands of odontogenic epithelium always present (ie: suggesting induction of connective tissue by the epithelial cells).
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*The stroma contains neoplastic fibroblasts, with varying cellularity.
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*The overlying epitheluim is normal.
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<small>
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With thanks to Andrew Jefferies (Cambridge) and Alun Williams (RVC) for providing access to their lecture materials
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J Comp. Path. 1992 (106), 169-182 The Histological Nature of Epulides in Dogs F. J. M. Verstraete*, A. J. Ligthelmf and A. WeberT. ... review of 154 oral 'epulis' from dogs reviewed with the current (at the time) human literature.