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Canine Adenovirus 1 (view source)

Revision as of 14:41, 5 July 2010

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Causes [[Infectious Canine Hepatitis]]
 
Causes [[Infectious Canine Hepatitis]]
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*[[Adenoviridae|Adenoviridae]]
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*Usually mild [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchointerstitial pneumonia|bronchointerstitial pneumonia]], necrosis of bronchiolar and alveolar epithelium, oedema, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
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*May cause necrotising [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchiolitis]] in immune-deficient dogs ([[Paramyxoviridae#Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)|distemper]])
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*Can be associated with [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Infectious canine tracheitis|kennel cough]] described above
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====Hosts====
 
====Hosts====
 
*Dogs
 
*Dogs
 
*Foxes are very susceptible (Fox Encephalitis)
 
*Foxes are very susceptible (Fox Encephalitis)
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====Pathogenesis====
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*Infects and replicates in the oropharynx
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*Viremia as the virus reaches endothelial cells
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*Attacks the endothelial lining of '''gall bladder''', '''liver sinusoids''', and '''Kuppfer cells'''
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*Resulting '''heptatitis''' is followed by severe abdominal pain and often death
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*Post Mortem: swollen, hemorrhagic liver, ascites, and oedema of the gall bladder
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*In older dogs, may present more mildly with lymph node enlargement and chronic interstitial nephritis
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*In foxes: virus replicates in the endothelia of the brain resulting in neuronal damage, fits, and paralysis
      
====Epidemiology====
 
====Epidemiology====
 
*Transfers '''easily''' via ingesting infected '''urine, feces or respiratory secretions'''
 
*Transfers '''easily''' via ingesting infected '''urine, feces or respiratory secretions'''
 
*Can be transferred by handlers, infected surfaces, etc.
 
*Can be transferred by handlers, infected surfaces, etc.
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====Diagnosis====
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*Intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes can be seen under H&E staining
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*Vascular endothelium can be stained for viral '''antigen''' by '''immunofluorescence'''
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====Control====
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In an outbreak
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*Isolate infected dogs
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*Disinfect premises
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To prevent
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*'''Vaccination''': tissue culture adaptation that may be live or inactivated
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*Cross protection with CAV2
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*Live vaccines are known to cause keratitis in Afghans, Red Setters and Saluki
         
[[Image:Adenovirus pneumonia.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Adenovirus pneumonia (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
 
[[Image:Adenovirus pneumonia.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Adenovirus pneumonia (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
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*[[Adenoviridae|Adenoviridae]]
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*Usually mild [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchointerstitial pneumonia|bronchointerstitial pneumonia]], necrosis of bronchiolar and alveolar epithelium, oedema, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
  −
*May cause necrotising [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchiolitis]] in immune-deficient dogs ([[Paramyxoviridae#Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)|distemper]])
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*Can be associated with [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Infectious canine tracheitis|kennel cough]] described above
         
[[Category:Adenoviridae]][[Category:Dog]]
 
[[Category:Adenoviridae]][[Category:Dog]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Viruses]]
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