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→Virus Isolation
=====Laboratory Tests=====
=====Laboratory Tests=====
======Virus Isolation======
======Virus Isolation======
The most definitive method for diagnosis of EEE or WEE. EEE virus can usually be isolated from the brains of horses, unless more than 5 days have elapsed between the appearance of clinical signs and the death of the horse. EEE virus can frequently be isolated from brain tissue even in the presence of a high serum antibody titre. WEE virus is rarely isolated from tissues of infected horses. Brain is the tissue of choice for virus isolation, but the virus has been isolated from other tissues, such as the liver and spleen. It is recommended that a complete set of these tissues be collected in duplicate, one set for virus isolation and the other set in formalin for histopathological examination. Specimens for virus isolation should be sent refrigerated if they can be received in the laboratory within 48 hours of collection; otherwise, they should be frozen and sent with dry ice. Newborn mice, chicken embryos and a number of cell culture systems can be used for virus isolation
The virus is identified by complement fixation (CF), immunofluorescence, or plaque reduction neutralisation (PRN) tests. EEE and WEE viral RNA may also be detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction methods
The virus is identified by complement fixation (CF), immunofluorescence, or plaque reduction neutralisation (PRN) tests. EEE and WEE viral RNA may also be detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction methods
Viral culture may also be useful for acute VEE. Virus may be isolated from the CSF of acutely infected horses. Virus may be found in brain tissue using fluorescent Ab, ELISA and virus isolation.
Viral culture may also be useful for acute VEE. Virus may be isolated from the CSF of acutely infected horses. Virus may be found in brain tissue using fluorescent Ab, ELISA and virus isolation.