700
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
International organisations and animal health (view source)
Revision as of 13:55, 12 July 2010
, 13:55, 12 July 2010no edit summary
===Trade in domestic animals and food===
===Trade in domestic animals and food===
A number of international intergovernmental organisations rely on epidemiologic principles in the investigation of health and disease in animal and human populations. These are predominantly associated with the control of animal and human health, in the context of international trade. The ''Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures'' (the '''[http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/sps_e.htm SPS agreement]'''), was developed by the ''World Trade Organisation'' ('''[http://www.wto.org/ WTO]''') in 1995 in order to encourage global trade and to protect against the instigation of unreasonable trade barriers, whilst still protecting against the spread of human, animal and plant disease. Three groups are associated with this agreement: the ''World Organisation for Animal Health'' ('''[http://www.oie.int OIE]'''), the ''Codex Alimentarius Commission'' ('''[www.codexalimentarius.net/ CAC]''') of the ''Food and Agricultural Organisation'' of the United Nations ('''[http://www.fao.org/ FAO]'''), and the International Plant Protection Convention ('''[https://www.ippc.int/ IPPC]'''), also of the FAO.<br>
A number of international intergovernmental organisations rely on epidemiologic principles in the investigation of health and disease in animal and human populations. These are predominantly associated with the control of animal and human health, in the context of international trade. The ''Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures'' (the '''[http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/sps_e.htm SPS agreement]'''), was developed by the ''World Trade Organisation'' ('''[http://www.wto.org/ WTO]''') in 1995 in order to encourage global trade and to protect against the instigation of unreasonable trade barriers, whilst still protecting against the spread of human, animal and plant disease. Three groups are associated with this agreement: the ''World Organisation for Animal Health'' ('''[http://www.oie.int OIE]'''), the ''Codex Alimentarius Commission'' ('''[http://www.codexalimentarius.net/ CAC]''') of the ''Food and Agricultural Organisation'' of the United Nations ('''[http://www.fao.org/ FAO]'''), and the International Plant Protection Convention ('''[https://www.ippc.int/ IPPC]'''), also of the FAO.<br>
* The OIE are responsible for the monitoring of animal disease worldwide. As well as developing sanitary rules for international trade, they are responsible for the development of standards and guidelines for diagnostic tests, vaccines and for the collection and dissemination of animal disease data. They also offer technical assistance to countries in need of help<br>
* The OIE are responsible for the monitoring of animal disease worldwide. As well as developing sanitary rules for international trade, they are responsible for the development of standards and guidelines for diagnostic tests, vaccines and for the collection and dissemination of animal disease data. They also offer technical assistance to countries in need of help<br>
* The CAC are responsible for producing the '''[[Codex Alimentarius]]''', which covers standards, guidelines and recommendations for food safety.<br>
* The CAC are responsible for producing the ''Codex Alimentarius'', which covers standards, guidelines and recommendations for food safety.<br>
* The IPPC develops standards aimed at protecting against the spread of plant pathogens through the movement of plants and plant products. <br>
* The IPPC develops standards aimed at protecting against the spread of plant pathogens through the movement of plants and plant products. <br>
''Following the production of the standards and guidelines, the FAO then has the power to enforce these''<br>
''Following the production of the standards and guidelines, the FAO then has the power to enforce these''<br>
===Trade in wild animals===
===Trade in wild animals and conservation issues===
The ''Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora'' ([http://www.cites.org/ CITES]) is also involved in the regulation of trade in (wild) animals, plants and associated products. It is an agreement aimed at protecting endangered animals and plants, and provides a framework for implementation of trade laws at the national level for member countries.
The ''Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora'' ([http://www.cites.org/ CITES]) is also involved in the regulation of trade in (wild) animals, plants and associated products. It is an agreement aimed at protecting endangered animals and plants, and provides a framework for implementation of trade laws at the national level for member countries.
===Animal welfare issues===
===Animal welfare issues===
The OIE are associated with the development of animal welfare standards on an international level, but the enforced implementation of these are usually on an individual country basis.
The OIE are associated with the development of animal welfare standards on an international level, but the enforced implementation of these are usually on an individual country basis.