Changes

==Distribution==

==Distribution==

Virus distribution is largely dictated by the distribution of appropriate vectors.  Thus Eastern EEV can be found in a region extending from eastern Canada at its northern extremity, down throughout the Caribbean and in parts of Central and South America.  The virus has also been identifed in the Philippines and may be present in Europe.<ref name="multiple">Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref>. Over the last two decades, Western EEV has rarely caused disease in the western United States, although it is found here in avian reservoir hosts.  As well as producing disease outbreaks in Mexico, Venezuela and Colombia, Venezuelan EEV has recently been recognized in Peru, Brazil, French Guiana and Trinidad.<ref name="multiple">Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref>.

Virus distribution is largely dictated by the distribution of appropriate vectors.  Thus Eastern EEV can be found in a region extending from eastern Canada at its northern extremity, down throughout the Caribbean and in parts of Central and South America.<ref name="multiple">Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref>.  The virus has also been identifed in the Philippines<ref> Livesay, H.R (1949) Isolation of eastern equine encephalitis virus from naturally infected monkey (''Macacus philippensis''), ''J Infect Dis'' 84:306-309.  In: Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref> and may be present in Europe.<ref> Gibbs, E.P.J (1976) Equine viral encephalitis, ''Equine Vet J'', 8:66-71.  In: Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref>  Over the last two decades, Western EEV has rarely caused disease in the western United States, although it is found here in avian reservoir hosts.<ref name="multiple">Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref> As well as producing disease outbreaks in Mexico, Venezuela and Colombia, Venezuelan EEV has recently been recognized in Peru, Brazil, French Guiana and Trinidad.<ref name="multiple">Bertone, J.J (2010) Viral Encephalitis in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12</ref>.

===Reservoirs===

===Reservoirs===