Changes

The bacteria are curved, Gram negative rods with polar flagellum to aid motility. The daughter cells remain joined, giving a gull-wing or spiral appearance. They are microaerophilic and sensitive to drying.  

The bacteria are curved, Gram negative rods with polar flagellum to aid motility. The daughter cells remain joined, giving a gull-wing or spiral appearance. They are microaerophilic and sensitive to drying.  

Campylobater species can be divided into; Thermophilic species, including ''C. jejuni and C. coli'' and Non-thermophilic species e.g. ''C. fetus''.  

Campylobater species can be divided into; Thermophilic species, including ''C. jejuni and C. coli'' and Non-thermophilic species e.g. [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''C.fetus'']].  

They can grow on enriched selective media e.g. Skirrow agar in 1-10% carbon dioxide and 5-10% oxygen tension. Many grow on MacConkey, however ''C. jejuni'' requires increased temperatures for growth.

They can grow on enriched selective media e.g. Skirrow agar in 1-10% carbon dioxide and 5-10% oxygen tension. Many grow on MacConkey, however ''C. jejuni'' requires increased temperatures for growth.

''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'' and subspecies ''fetus'' have small, round, smooth, translucent colonies.

[[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''C.fetus'']] subspecies ''venerealis'' and subspecies ''fetus'' have small, round, smooth, translucent colonies.

''C. jejuni'' has small, flat, grey colonies with watery appearance.  

''C. jejuni'' has small, flat, grey colonies with watery appearance.  

Smears are stained with dilute carbol fuschin for 4 minutes.

Smears are stained with dilute carbol fuschin for 4 minutes.

==Pathogenesis and pathogenicity==

==Pathogenesis and pathogenicity==

''C. fetus'' subspecies ''fetus'' and subspecies ''venerealis'' possess a microcapsule (S layer) which resists phagocytosis and serum-mediated destruction and enhances survival in the genital tract.

''C. fetus'' subspecies [[Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus|''fetus'']] and subspecies ''venerealis'' possess a microcapsule (S layer) which resists phagocytosis and serum-mediated destruction and enhances survival in the genital tract.

Antigens of the S layer undergo antigenic shifts in ''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'', allowing persistence in the host.

Antigens of the S layer undergo antigenic shifts in ''C. fetus'' subspecies ''venerealis'', allowing persistence in the host.

''C. jejuni'' attaches and invades host enterocytes and produces enterotoxin-like substances.

''C. jejuni'' attaches and invades host enterocytes and produces enterotoxin-like substances.

The Flagellae of ''C. jejuni'' required for colonisation.

The Flagellae of ''C. jejuni'' required for colonisation.

[[Category:To_Do_-_AimeeHicks]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_AimeeHicks]]