Changes

''Campylobacter fetus'', has the subspecies ''fetus'' and ''venerealis'', belonging to the genus [[Campylobacter species- Overview|''Campylobacter'']]. ''Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis'' causes venereal infection in cattle and infertility in female cattle.

''Campylobacter fetus'', has the subspecies ''fetus'' and ''venerealis'', belonging to the genus [[Campylobacter species- Overview|''Campylobacter'']]. ''Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis'' causes venereal infection in cattle and infertility in female cattle.

The bacteria is found in glandular crypts of prepuce of bull with no clinical signs. Bulls are therefore known as carriers. It causes catarrhal inflammation in the female genital tract. [[Endometritis - Bovine|Endometritis]] prevents implantation until infection cleared and causes early embryonic death, occasionally sporadic abortion

The bacteria is found in glandular crypts of prepuce of bull with no clinical signs. Bulls are therefore known as carriers. It causes catarrhal inflammation in the female genital tract. [[Endometritis - Bovine|Endometritis]] prevents implantation until the infection is cleared and causes early embryonic death and occasionally sporadic abortion.

*May remain infertile for 3-5 months before immunity develops, which lasts 4-5 years

The cow may remain infertile for 3-5 months before immunity develops, which then lasts 4-5 years. Effective immunity includes induction of [[IgA]] in the vagina and [[IgG]] in the uterus.

*Effective immunity includes induction of [[IgA]] in the vagina and [[IgG]] in the uterus

The bacteria may persist in the vagina and be transmitted to bulls.

*Bacteria may persist in the vagina and be transmitted to bulls

 

*Diagnosis:

==Diagnosis==

**Fluorescent antibody test on genital discharges from bull/cow

A fluorescent antibody test on genital discharges from the bull or cow can be diagnostic. A vaginal mucus agglutination test can be done.

**Vaginal mucus agglutination test

An ELISA to [[IgA]] antibodies in vaginal mucus after an abortion can be done in the cow, or PCR for detection in semen.

**ELISA to [[IgA]] antibodies in vaginal mucus after an abortion

 

**PCR for detection in semen

==Treatment==

*Treatment: dihydrostreptomycin intrauterine for cows and systemically or topically for bulls

Dihydrostreptomycin intrauterine for cows and systemically or topically for bulls.

*Vaccination: bacterin in oil adjuvant

A vaccination of bacterin in oil adjuvant can also be done.

 

[[Category:Campylobacter species]]

[[Category:Campylobacter species]]

[[Category:Cattle]]

[[Category:Cattle]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]