Changes

- In East Africa, high prevalence in human population + lack of sanitation in rural areas = high rate of transmission to cattle = many calves infected = calfhood infection persists, but animals immune to reinfection.

- In East Africa, high prevalence in human population + lack of sanitation in rural areas = high rate of transmission to cattle = many calves infected = calfhood infection persists, but animals immune to reinfection.

=== ''T. solium'', the Pork Tapeworm of Humans ===

==''T. solium''==

[[Image:Taenia solium scolex.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''T. solium'' scolex - Wikimedia Commons]]

[[Image:Taenia solium scolex.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''T. solium'' scolex - Wikimedia Commons]]

The adult tapeworm, which occurs in the human small intestine, has hooks on the scolex. The life-cycle is similar to that of T. saginata, except that the pig is the intermediate host. Heavy infections in pigs may be detected in vivo by inspecting the tongue for cysticerci. T. solium is particularly prevalent in communities where pigs are allowed to scavenge freely around human habitation. This species is particularly dangerous as the cysticerci (known as ‘measles’), which normally occur in the pig, can also develop in human tissues (brain and musculature). This may happen by swallowing eggs from the environment or, in people carrying a tapeworm, as a result of eggs being brought forward in the alimentary tract by retro-peristalsis.

 

 

The adults are 3-5m in length, have a scolex, and several rows of hooks.

 

 

The life-cycle is similar to that of ''T. saginata'', except now the pig is the intermediate host. Gravid segments, containing the parasite eggs are passed in faeces. The oncospheres are then ingested by the intermediate host, in this case the pig, and pass into the blood system, infecting striated muscles.  The cysticerci may also develop in the lungs, liver, kidney and the brain. Like ''T. saginata'', humans, which are the definitive host becomes infected via ingestion of poorly cooked meat.

== Taenia spp of the Dog ==

== Taenia spp of the Dog ==