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{{frontpage
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|pagetitle =Bacillus species
|pagetitle =Bacillus species
|pagebody =''Bacillus'' species are large, Gram positive rods. They are mostly non-pathogenic, environmental organisms.
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===Overview===
*Mostly non-pathogenic environmental organisms
*''[[Bacillus anthracis]]'' causes anthrax
*Anthrax is a severe disease affecting all mammals worldwide
*Ruminants are highly susceptible to anthrax, dying of a septicaemic form
*Pigs and horses are moderately susceptible, but carnivores are fairly resistant
*''[[Bacillus licheniformis]]'' may cause shoradic abortions in cattle and sheep
*''[[Bacillus cereus]]'' causes food poisoning in humans and mastitis in cows
===Characteristics===
*Large, Gram positive rods
*Produce endospores
*Aerobes or facultative anaerobes
*Grow on non-enriched media
*Motile
*Catalase positive, oxidase negative
*''Bacillus anthracis'' colonies are up to 5mm diameter, flat, dry, grey, with a ground-glass appearance; curled outgrowths from the edge of the colony give a 'medusa head' appearance; non-haemolytic (differentiate from ''Bacillus cereus'')
*''Bacillus licheniformis'' forms dull, rough, wrinkled colonies, with hair-like outgrowths
*Biochemical tests for identification
*Can often tolerate adverse environmental conditions
*''CAR bacillus'' in [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#CAR bacillus|URT infection in cattle]] and [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#In Rabbits|URT infection in rabbits]]
[[Category:Bacteria]][[Category:Gram_positive_bacteria]]
[[Category:Bacteria]][[Category:Gram_positive_bacteria]]
[[Category:Rods]]
[[Category:Rods]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]