Changes

==History and Clinical Signs==

==History and Clinical Signs==

Often a history of exposure to other dogs at either rehoming centers, bording kennels, or in a hospital etc. Direct contact or aerosol spread are the most common routes of infection.  

Often a history of exposure to other dogs at either rehoming centers, bording kennels, or in a hospital etc. Direct contact or aerosol spread are the most common routes of infection.  

Clinical signs develop 3-5 days after exposure. Signs are often mild and self limiting.  Afected dogs usually have a dry hacking cough which is likely to be exacerbated on exercise or excitement. Sometimes serous nasal discharge, fever and lymphadenopathy are present.

Clinical signs develop 3-5 days after exposure. Signs are often mild and self limiting.  Afected dogs usually have a dry hacking cough which is likely to be exacerbated on exercise or excitement. Sometimes sneezing, serous nasal discharge and lymphadenopathy are present.

The clinical signs typically persist for 2-3 days to 2-3 weeks.

The clinical signs typically persist for 2-3 days to 2-3 weeks.

Thoracic radiography and ultrasound are often unremarkable however may help to rule out other causes of the cough.

Thoracic radiography and ultrasound are often unremarkable however may help to rule out other causes of the cough.

==Endoscopy==

==Endoscopy==

Only considered when kennel cough is amongst a large numbe of differentials. It will allow to collect tracheal samples allowing for tracheal cytology which may reveal inreased numbers of neutrophils and bacteria.  

Only considered when it is necessary to rule out a number of alternative diagnoses. Tracheal samples can be collected allowing for tracheal cytology which may reveal inreased numbers of neutrophils and bacteria. Samples for bacteriology from the upper airways may be deceptive as they are likely to harbour many commensal organisms.

==Pathology==

==Pathology==