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ELISAs and PCR tests are also avilable which can be used directly on tissue or following culture.
ELISAs and PCR tests are also avilable which can be used directly on tissue or following culture.
==History and Clinical signs==
==Clinical signs==
Clinical outcome depends on susceptibility of pigs and virulence of strain. Pigs are susceptible after maternal antibody waned (after 3 months) and before protective immunity acquired (3 years).
Clinical outcome depends on susceptibility of pigs and virulence of strain. Pigs are susceptible after maternal antibody waned (after 3 months) and before protective immunity acquired (3 years).
Chronic:
Chronic:
Lesions may resolve within a week, or become necrotic and slough
Affected animals can completely recover, Lesions may resolve within a week, or become necrotic and slough. Ear tips may also be lost.
The bacteria localises in joints causing of synovial membrane lining + plus hyperaemia and villus formation + lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration resulting in '''chronic serofibrinous polyarthritis and also discospondilitis.
Initially joints are hot and swollen leading to stiffness, lameness, and non-weight bearing on affected limbs.
**Joint lesions with erosion of articular cartilage, fibrosis and ankylosis
**Joint lesions with erosion of articular cartilage, fibrosis and ankylosis
**Strong impact on productivity
**Strong impact on productivity
**Most important and most common cause of arthritis
**Most important and most common cause of arthritis
**Causes '''chronic serofibrinous polyarthritis'''
*****Also expresses as septicaemic and urticarial lesion on the back (diamond shaped)
***Also expresses as septicaemic and urticarial lesion on the back (diamond shaped)
***May involve [[Endocarditis|endocarditis]] as a sequel
***May involve [[Endocarditis|endocarditis]] as a sequel
**Chronic stage
**Chronic stage