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Gross chronic form lesions:
Gross chronic form lesions:
Growths on heart valves may be evident as well as changes in joint architecture. Joint capsules will be thickened in the presence of granulation tissue and in some cases erosion of articular surfaces may have progressed to ankylosis.
Growths on heart valves may be evident as well as changes in joint architecture. Joint capsules will be thickened in the presence of granulation tissue and in some cases erosion of articular surfaces may have progressed to ankylosis.
===Histologically===
Vegetative lesions on the heart valves consist of connective and granulation tissue.
Synovial lesions consist of macrophages and lymphocytes.
Short gram positive rods may be seen in smears made from blood in the heart.
==Treatment==
==Treatment==
A Penicillin and tetracyclines are the drugs of choice and the response o treatment is normally rapid.
A 3 day course of Penicillin or tetracyclines is the treatment of choice and the response is normally rapid.
Hyperimmune serum is also available however this is an expensive treatment option.
Hyperimmune serum is also available however this is an expensive treatment option.
Live attenuated or inactivated vaccines are also available. Immunity lasts for months and is normally given to recently weaned pigs or gilts and sows prior to service.
Live attenuated or inactivated vaccines are also available. Immunity lasts for months and is normally given to recently weaned pigs or gilts and sows prior to service.
==Prognosis==
Varies from sudden death to recovery depending on the virulence of the strain and age and immune status of the affected pig.
***Vaccination prevents septicaemic and urticarial forms but has no effect on joints
***Vaccination prevents septicaemic and urticarial forms but has no effect on joints
****Probably due to dead bacteria still stimulating host immune system
****Probably due to dead bacteria still stimulating host immune system
**Expresses as acute '''fibrinopurulent''' arthritis
**Expresses as acute '''fibrinopurulent''' arthritis
==References==
==References==
Taylor D.J. (2006) '''Pig Diseases. 8th edition''' published by the author.
[[Category:Pig]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]
[[Category:Pig]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]