Changes

Gastric Ulceration - Horse (view source)

Revision as of 21:32, 26 July 2010

227 bytes added , 21:32, 26 July 2010

no edit summary

Line 12: Line 12:

==Description==

−

The term ''''Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS)'''' is used to describe the disease complex associated with ulceration of the oesophageal, gastric or duodenal mucosa<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref> in horses. When such damage is caused by acidic gastric juice, the defect is described as a ''''peptic ulcer''''.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref> Ulceration of either or both<ref>Andrews, F.M, Bernard, W.V, Byars, T.D ''et al.'' (1999) Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 1:122-134. In: Sanchez, L.C (2010) 'Diseases Of The Stomach' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.</ref> regions of the gastric mucosa is one of the most important conditions of the equine stomach as it may limit performance<ref>Bell, R.J, Mogg, T, Kingston, J.K (2007) Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses: a review. ''N Z Vet J'', 55(1):1-12).</ref> and compromise welfare.<ref name="Martineau">Martineau, H, Thompson, H, Taylor, D (2009) Pathology of gastritis and gastric ulceration in the horse. Part 1: Range of lesions present in 21 mature individuals. ''Equine Vet J'', 41(7):638-644.</ref> The non-glandular (proximal or orad) region of the equine stomach is lined by stratified squamous mucosa and a glandular mucosa lines the distal (aborad) portion. The two regions meet abruptly at the '''''margo plicatus'''''<ref name="Sanchez">Sanchez, L.C (2010) 'Diseases Of The Stomach' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.</ref>, adjacent to where most ulcers occur.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref> Damage to these regions occurs via differing pathophysiological routes and varies in severity from inflammation, to cellular death and sloughing causing disruption of the superficial mucosa ('''erosion'''), penetration of the submucosa down to the level of the ''lamina propria''<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref>('''ulceration'''), full thickness ulceration ('''perforation''')<ref name="Sanchez">Sanchez, L.C (2010) 'Diseases Of The Stomach' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.</ref> and potentially duodenal stricture.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition), Merial</ref> The occult nature of the disease typically precludes the observation of clinical signs until severe ulceration has developed.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref>

+

The term ''''Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS)'''' is used to describe the disease complex associated with ulceration of the oesophageal, gastric or duodenal mucosa<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref> in horses. When such damage is caused by acidic gastric juice, the defect is described as a ''''peptic ulcer''''.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref> Ulceration of either or both<ref>Andrews, F.M, Bernard, W.V, Byars, T.D ''et al.'' (1999) Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 1:122-134. In: Sanchez, L.C (2010) 'Diseases Of The Stomach' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.</ref> regions of the gastric mucosa is one of the most important conditions of the equine stomach as it may limit performance<ref name="Bell">Bell, R.J, Mogg, T, Kingston, J.K (2007) Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses: a review. ''N Z Vet J'', 55(1):1-12).</ref> and compromise welfare.<ref name="Martineau">Martineau, H, Thompson, H, Taylor, D (2009) Pathology of gastritis and gastric ulceration in the horse. Part 1: Range of lesions present in 21 mature individuals. ''Equine Vet J'', 41(7):638-644.</ref> The non-glandular (proximal or orad) region of the equine stomach is lined by stratified squamous mucosa and a glandular mucosa lines the distal (aborad) portion. The two regions meet abruptly at the '''''margo plicatus'''''<ref name="Sanchez">Sanchez, L.C (2010) 'Diseases Of The Stomach' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.</ref>, adjacent to where most ulcers occur.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref> Damage to these regions occurs via differing pathophysiological routes and varies in severity from inflammation, to cellular death and sloughing causing disruption of the superficial mucosa ('''erosion'''), penetration of the submucosa down to the level of the ''lamina propria''<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref>('''ulceration'''), full thickness ulceration ('''perforation''')<ref name="Sanchez">Sanchez, L.C (2010) 'Diseases Of The Stomach' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), Saunders, Chapter 15.</ref> and potentially duodenal stricture.<ref name="Merck">Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition), Merial</ref> The occult nature of the disease typically precludes the observation of clinical signs until severe ulceration has developed.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref>

==Prevalence==

Line 25: Line 25:

*Thoroughbred broodmares (67-77%)<ref>Jeune, S.S, Nieto, J.E, Dechant, J.E, Snyder, J.R (2009) Prevalence of gastric ulcers in Thoroughbred broodmares in pasture: a preliminary report. ''Vet J'', 181(3):251-5.</ref>

*Nonracing performance horses (17 % precompetition, 56% postcompetition)

−

*Pleasure horses in full work ~ 60% (Bell, R.J, Mogg, T., Kingston, J.K (2007) Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses: a review. N Z Vet J, 55(1):1-12).

+

*Pleasure horses in full work ~ 60%<ref name="Bell">Bell, R.J, Mogg, T, Kingston, J.K (2007) Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses: a review. ''N Z Vet J'', 55(1):1-12).</ref>

−

*Pleasure, riding lessons, showing 37 % (~~Murray et al~~ 1989 in ~~Orsini)~~

+

*Pleasure, riding lessons, showing 37%<ref>Murray, M.J, Grodinsky, C, Anderson, C.W, Radue, P.F, Schmidt, G.R (1989) Gastric ulcers in horses: a comparison of endoscopic findings in horses with and without clinical signs. ''Equine Vet J Suppl'', 7:68-72.</ref>

*Foals – 25-57%<ref>Wilson, J.H (1986) Gastric and duodenal ulcers in foals: a retrospective study. ''Proc Equine Colic Res Symp 2nd:126-128.</ref><ref>Murray, M.J, Grodinsky, C, Cowles, R.R, ''et al.''(1990) Endoscopic evaluation of changes in gastric lesions of Thoroughbred foals. ''J Am Vet Med Assoc'', 196:1623-1627.</ref><ref>Murray, M.J (1989) Endoscopic appearance of gastric lesions in foals: 94 cases (1987-1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 195:1135-1141.</ref> unknown, probably common, increasing or diagnosing more? Overall, the currently accepted prevalence estimates is 30-50%, increasing sharply in foals demonstrating signs of disease, especially gastrointestinal signs.<ref name="EGUC">The Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (1999) Tutorial Article: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). ''Equine Vet Educ'', 11(5):262-272.</ref>

Nmr28

1,406

edits