Changes

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

===Surgery===

===Surgery===

Prior to any surgical intervention thoracic radiography should be performed for evidence of metastasis. Regional lymph nodes should also be examined at the start of surgery along with the rest of the abdominal cavity. For tumours that have not metastasised, resection is the treatment of choice (wide partial gastrectomy or antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy (Billroth 1). However, frequently there are  difficulties as tumours are often in an advanced stage at time of presentation. Excision with large margins whilst maintaining the ability to sucessfully reconstruct the stomach without post-operative complications can be problematic. Futhermore, pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy or gastrojejunostomy for antral tumours risk iatrogenic trauma to the local blood supply as well as to the pancreas and extrahepatic biliary system. Post-operative complications are more frequent with resections associated with the pylorus. Neoplasia associated with the lesser curvature is generally non-resectable.

Prior to any surgical intervention thoracic radiography should be performed for evidence of metastasis. Regional lymph nodes should also be examined at the start of surgery along with the rest of the abdominal cavity. For tumours that have not metastasised, resection is the treatment of choice (wide partial gastrectomy or antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy (Billroth 1). However, frequently there are  difficulties as tumours are often in an advanced stage at time of presentation. Excision with large margins whilst maintaining the ability to sucessfully reconstruct the stomach without post-operative complications can be problematic. Futhermore, pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy or gastrojejunostomy for antral tumours risk iatrogenic trauma to the local blood supply as well as to the pancreas and extrahepatic biliary system. Neoplasia associated with the lesser curvature is generally non-resectable.

===Chemotherapy===

===Chemotherapy===

===Other Medical Management===

===Other Medical Management===

Symptomatic therapy of for example vomiting may improve quality of life in the short term. Treatment options include anti-emetics such as metocolpramide and H2 blockers including ranitidine and cimetidine. Inhibitors of c-Kit e.g imatinib have been used in humans with GIST tumours. Such inhibitors may be useful for GIST in animals.  

Symptomatic therapy of for example vomiting may improve quality of life in the short term. Treatment options include anti-emetics such as metocolpramide and H2 blockers including ranitidine and cimetidine.  

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

Variable:

Variable:

* Benign tumours - Frequently cured by surgical resection. Prognosis good.

Benign tumours are frequently cured by surgical resection and hence have a good prognosis.

* Lymphoma - response to chemotherapy usually poor. Survival rates low.

Lymphoma often has a poor response to chemotherapy and survival rates are low.

* Most malignant tumours - usually associated with recurrent or metastatic cancer. Prognosis therefore usually poor despite surgical resection. Survival time up to six months.

Most malignant tumours are associated with recurrent or metastatic cancer. Prognosis therefore usually poor despite surgical resection. Survival time up to six months.

* Extramedullary plasmacytomas - can have a very good prognosis following surgery and chemotherapy.

Extramedullary plasmacytomas - can have a very good prognosis following surgery and chemotherapy.

==References==

==References==

* Morris J, Dobson J (2001) Gastrointestinal Tract, in Small Animal Oncology, Blackwell Science, pp 127-130                                   

Morris J, Dobson J (2001) Gastrointestinal Tract, in Small Animal Oncology, Blackwell Science, pp 127-130                                   

* Liptak J. M, Withrow S.J, (2007), Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract, in Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, fourth edition, Eds Withrow S.J, Vail D.M, Missouri, Saunders Elsevier, pp 480-482

Liptak J. M, Withrow S.J, (2007), Cancer of the Gastrointestinal Tract, in Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, fourth edition. Saunders Elsevier, pp 480-482

[[Category:Stomach_and_Abomasum_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]

[[Category:Stomach_and_Abomasum_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]]

[[Category:Neoplasia]]

[[Category:Dog]][[Category:Cat]]

[[Category:Dog]][[Category:Cat]]