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[[Image:Woodentongue1.gif|thumb|125px|<small><center>Fibrous Stroma - Cut Surface of actinobacillosis affected tongue (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]

[[Image:Woodentongue1.gif|thumb|125px|<small><center>Fibrous Stroma - Cut Surface of actinobacillosis affected tongue (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]

An infectious disease caused by the gram-negative coccobacilli ''[[Actinobacillus lignieresii]]''. Characterised by inflammation of the soft tissues of the head especially the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|pharangeal lymph nodes]] of cattle and sheep. The Causal agent is widespread in the environment and part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal mucosa, it gains access to the tongue via small abrasions. It can be a progressive disease of low virulence but high persistence so the animal may stop eating and eventually die if not treated.

An infectious disease caused by the gram-negative coccobacilli ''[[Actinobacillus lignieresii]]''. Characterised by inflammation of the soft tissues of the head especially the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|pharangeal lymph nodes]] of cattle and sheep. The Causal agent is widespread in the environment and part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal mucosa, it gains access to the tongue via small abrasions. It can be a progressive disease of low virulence but high persistence so the animal may stop eating and eventually die if not treated.

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Occurs in cattle and sheep of all ages but particularly seen in young beef breeds especially sucklers on poor forage.

Occurs in cattle and sheep of all ages but particularly seen in young beef breeds especially sucklers on poor forage.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

In contrast to foot and mouth cases are nearly always sporadic.

In contrast to foot and mouth cases are nearly always sporadic.

Occasionally generalised infections occur and the bacteria may affect soft tissue anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract including the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]], [[The Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology|reticulum]] and [[Oesophageal groove|oesophageal groove]].   

Occasionally generalised infections occur and the bacteria may affect soft tissue anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract including the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]], [[The Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology|reticulum]] and [[Oesophageal groove|oesophageal groove]].   

==References==

==References==

Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) '''Bovine Medicine''' (Second edition), ''Blackwell Publishing''  

Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) '''Bovine Medicine''' (Second edition), ''Blackwell Publishing''  

[[Category:Tongue_-_Pathology]][[Category:Cattle]]

[[Category:Tongue_-_Pathology]][[Category:Cattle]]

[[Category:To Do - Caz]]

[[Category:To Do - Caz]]

[[Category:Sheep]]

[[Category:Sheep]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]