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===Description===

===Description===

Anthrax is a serious, often fatal zoonotic disease of wild and domestic mammals caused by the spore-forming bacterium [[Bacillus anthracis]]. The disease has been reported worldwide and often occurs in outbreaks. The infected host sheds bacteria into the environment which sporulate when exposed to air. These spores are highly resistant and can survive in the environment for many years.  Grazing animals may become infected if ingestion of a large number of spores occurs. Additionally, biting flies appear to have a role in transmission of spores in areas of endemic disease. Inhalation of dust-borne spores may also be of importance.

Anthrax is a serious, often fatal zoonotic disease of wild and domestic mammals caused by the spore-forming bacterium [[Bacillus anthracis]]. The disease has been reported worldwide and often occurs in outbreaks. The infected host sheds bacteria into the environment which sporulate on exposure to air. These spores are highly resistant and can survive in the environment for many years.  Grazing animals may become infected if ingestion of a large number of spores occurs. Additionally, biting flies appear to have a role in transmission of spores in areas of endemic disease. Inhalation of dust-borne spores may also be of importance in the pathogenesis of the disease.

In general, carbivores are more resistant to disease than herbivores. In herbivores the disease commonly presents as a peracute onset septicaemia with a high mortality rate. In dogs, humans, horses and pigs the onset is less acute.  

In general, carbivores are more resistant to disease than herbivores. In herbivores the disease commonly presents as a peracute onset septicaemia with a high mortality rate. In dogs, humans, horses and pigs the onset is less acute.  

===Clinical signs===

===Clinical signs===

====Ruminants and horses====

====Ruminants and horses====

   

   

In both cattle and horses, the disease course may range from peracute to chronic. Animals may be discovered dead in the field before any clinical signs have been observed. The following have been described:

In both cattle and horses, the disease course may range from peracute to chronic. Animals may be discovered dead in the field before any clinical signs have been observed. The following have been described:

[[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Pig]][[Category:Dog]]

[[Category:Cattle]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Pig]][[Category:Dog]]

[[Category:Alimentary_Disorders_-_Horse]]

[[Category:Alimentary_Disorders_-_Horse]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_SophieIgnarski]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_SophieIgnarski]]