Changes

===Diagnosis===

===Diagnosis===

Affected horses may have a history of living in a sandy environment, grazing in dry weather or reduced water intake. Definitive diagnosis is made via rectal palpation and identification of sand in the dorsal colon. Transrectal ultrasonography may assist in identifying the presence of sand. Sand also may be seen in the faeces by mixing faecal material with water in a plastic rectal examination sleeve.  

Affected horses may have a history of living in a sandy environment, grazing in dry weather or a reduction in water intake. Definitive diagnosis is made via rectal palpation or transrectal ultrasonography with identification of sand in the colon. An impaction may also be detected per rectum but in many cases the impacted segment of intestine may be out of reach. Transrectal ultrasonography may assist in identifying the presence of sand. Sand also may be seen in the faeces by mixing faecal material with water in a plastic rectal examination sleeve and allowing the sand to fall to the bottom.  

===Treatment===

===Treatment===

===References===

===References===

Mezerova, J., Kabes, R., Zert, Z., Jahn, P., Hanak, J. (2001)'''Impaction of right dorsal colon in the horse: report of 32 cases''' ''Vet. Med. - Czech, 46(11-12): 293-300''

Mezerova, J., Kabes, R., Zert, Z., Jahn, P., Hanak, J. (2001) '''Impaction of right dorsal colon in the horse: report of 32 cases''' ''Vet. Med. - Czech, 46(11-12): 293-300''