Changes

===Treatment===

===Treatment===

Bulk laxatives such as Psyllium are used to assist in the movement of sand. Psyllium is administered directly into the stomach via a nasogastric tube and the sand become incorporated into the laxative. This treament is continued for up to a week until all sand is fully removed from the colon.

Bulk laxatives such as Psyllium are widely used to assist in the movement of sand. Psyllium is administered directly into the stomach via a nasogastric tube and the sand becomes incorporated into the laxative. Some authors however have described no benefical effects of Psyllium and adovate restriction to access to sand as the main component of treatment. This treament is continued for up to a week until all sand is fully removed from the colon.

If the impaction is large or non-responsive to medical treatment, surgery may be indicated.  

If the impaction is large or non-responsive to medical treatment, surgery may be indicated.  

===Prognosis===

===Prognosis===

For cases that are not resolved by conservative treatment, the prognosis is good if surgery is performed early.

For cases that are not resolved by conservative treatment, the prognosis is good if surgery is performed early. The overall mortalitiy rate for horses requiring surgery is reported to be 40%.

 

===References===

===References===

Mezerova, J., Kabes, R., Zert, Z., Jahn, P., Hanak, J. (2001) '''Impaction of right dorsal colon in the horse: report of 32 cases''' ''Vet. Med. - Czech, 46(11-12): 293-300''

Mezerova, J., Kabes, R., Zert, Z., Jahn, P., Hanak, J. (2001) '''Impaction of right dorsal colon in the horse: report of 32 cases''' ''Vet. Med. - Czech, 46(11-12): 293-300''