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Infectious Canine Hepatitis (view source)
Revision as of 12:00, 4 August 2010
, 12:00, 4 August 2010→Diagnosis
==Signalment==
==Signalment==
Young, unvaccinated dogs are most often affected.
Young, unvaccinated dogs are most often affected.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
* Abdominal distension and/or pain
* Abdominal distension and/or pain
* Hepatomegaly
* Hepatomegaly
Clinical signs generally persist for five to seven days before the animal's condition improves. During the recovery phase, 20% of cases develop corneal oedema and anterior uveitis ("blue eye"). In peracute cases, death rapidly follows the onset of clinical signs.
Clinical signs generally persist for five to seven days before the animal's condition improves. During the recovery phase, 20% of cases develop corneal oedema and anterior uveitis ("blue eye"). In peracute cases, death rapidly follows the onset of clinical signs.
===Laboratory Tests===
===Laboratory Tests===
Other laboratory tests may be used in the confirmation of CAV1 infection. Although virus isolation (on tissues or secretions) and immunofluorescence (on infected tissues) are both possible, serology is the most useful adjunctive test. CAV1 antibodies typically increase to levels greater than those post-vaccination during active infection, and so a rising antibody titre can confirm a diagnosis if infectious canine hepatitis.
Other laboratory tests may be used in the confirmation of CAV1 infection. Although virus isolation (on tissues or secretions) and immunofluorescence (on infected tissues) are both possible, serology is the most useful adjunctive test. CAV1 antibodies typically increase to levels greater than those post-vaccination during active infection, and so a rising antibody titre can confirm a diagnosis if infectious canine hepatitis.
===Radiography===
===Radiography===
===Biopsy===
===Biopsy===
Impression smears made of the liver may be stained with haemotoxylin and eosin to show intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and macrophaegs. These are also seen on histopathology of liver biopsy, in addition to centrilobular necrosis.
Impression smears made of the liver may be stained with haemotoxylin and eosin to show intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and macrophaegs. These are also seen on histopathology of liver biopsy, in addition to centrilobular necrosis.
===Pathology===
===Pathology===
====Histological====
====Histological====
Histopathology reveals centrilobular necrosis. Haematoxylin and eosin staining reveals basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and macrophages.
Histopathology reveals centrilobular necrosis. Haematoxylin and eosin staining reveals basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and macrophages.
It is possible to use immunofluorescence to stain for viral antigen in vascular endothelium.
It is possible to use immunofluorescence to stain for viral antigen in vascular endothelium.