| ====Intrinsic ulcerogenic factors<ref name="Nadeau">Nadeau, J.A, Andrews, F.M (2009) ''Science: Overviews'' Equine gastric ulcer syndrome: The continuing conundrum. ''Equine Vet J'', 41(7):611-615.</ref>==== | | ====Intrinsic ulcerogenic factors<ref name="Nadeau">Nadeau, J.A, Andrews, F.M (2009) ''Science: Overviews'' Equine gastric ulcer syndrome: The continuing conundrum. ''Equine Vet J'', 41(7):611-615.</ref>==== |
| *'''Hydrochloric acid''' damages the squamous mucosa by compromising the outer cell barrier. It then diffuses into the squamous cells of the ''stratum spinosum'', inhibiting cellular sodium transport and causing cell swelling, necrosis and eventual ulceration.<ref>Nadeau, J.A, Andrews, F.M, Patton, C.S, Argenzio, R.A, Mathew, A.G, Saxton, A.M (2003) Effects of hydrochloric, acetic, butyric, and proprionic acids on pathogenesis of ulcers in the nonglandular portion of the stomach of horses. ''Am J Vet Res'',64:404-412.</ref><ref>Nadeau, J.A, Andrews, F.M, Patton, C.S, Argenzio, R.A, Mathew, A.G, Saxton, A.M (2003) Effects of hydrochloric, valeric, and other volatile fatty acids on pathogenesis of ulcers in the nonglandular portion of the stomach of horses. ''Am J Vet Res'', 64:413-417.</ref> | | *'''Hydrochloric acid''' damages the squamous mucosa by compromising the outer cell barrier. It then diffuses into the squamous cells of the ''stratum spinosum'', inhibiting cellular sodium transport and causing cell swelling, necrosis and eventual ulceration.<ref>Nadeau, J.A, Andrews, F.M, Patton, C.S, Argenzio, R.A, Mathew, A.G, Saxton, A.M (2003) Effects of hydrochloric, acetic, butyric, and proprionic acids on pathogenesis of ulcers in the nonglandular portion of the stomach of horses. ''Am J Vet Res'',64:404-412.</ref><ref>Nadeau, J.A, Andrews, F.M, Patton, C.S, Argenzio, R.A, Mathew, A.G, Saxton, A.M (2003) Effects of hydrochloric, valeric, and other volatile fatty acids on pathogenesis of ulcers in the nonglandular portion of the stomach of horses. ''Am J Vet Res'', 64:413-417.</ref> |