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| | ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| | ==Prognosis== | | ==Prognosis== |
| − | ====Antigenicity====
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| − | *Isolates vary in virulence
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| − | *Some antigenic variation
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| − | *Best defined by monoclonal antibodies, but no serotypes
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| − |
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| − | ====Hosts====
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| − | *Pigs
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| − | *Wild boar
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| − |
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| − | ====Pathogenesis====
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| − | *Virus enters oropharynx and replicates in palatine tonsil
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| − | *Viremia 2-6 days post-infection
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| − | Two types of strain:
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| − | #Low Virulence:
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| − | #*Transplacental transmission causes abortion, cerebellar hypoplasia, or growth retardation
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| − | #*If piglets are born, they are carriers
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| − | #High Virulence:
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| − | #*Leukopenia
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| − | #*Thrombocytopenia
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| − | #*Generalized '''vasculitis'''
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| − | #*'''Hemorrhage''' of lymph nodes, spleen, bladder, larynx, and skin
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| − | #*Vasculitis in CNS causes tremors, incoordination and convulsions
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| − | Chronic disease:
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| − | *Infarction causes '''button ulcers''' over Peyer's Patches
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| − |
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| − | ====Epidemiology====
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| − | *Recovered animals are immune
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| − | *'''Highly contagious'''
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| − | *Transfer via '''contact''', '''aerosol''', or '''fomites'''
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| − | *Swine fever was once endemic worldwide but has now been '''eradicated''' from UK, Australia, NZ, USA, and Denmark following vaccination schemes
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| − |
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| − | ====Diagnosis====
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| − | *'''Immunofluorescence''' of tissues for virus isolation
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| − | *DD: Porcine circovirus 2, African swine fever, or bacterial septicemia
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| − |
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| − | ====Control====
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| − | *'''NOTIFIABLE''' disease
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| − | *'''Vaccination''' (live attenuated) in endemic countries:
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| − | **Parts of EU are using vaccinated bait to control spread in wild boar population
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| − | **Vaccination does not curtail spread: marker vaccine needed to distinguish virus exposure from vaccine-induced antibody
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | * ''Pestivirus'' invades vascular endothelium and macrophages
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| − | ** Leads to infarcted lesions
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| − | ** In spleen
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| − | ** "Button ulcers" in colon and caecum.
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| − | *** Ulcers are seen as discrete circular areas of haemorrhage and necrosis with dry, yellow centres
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| | | | |
| | [[Category:Pestiviruses]][[Category:Pig]] | | [[Category:Pestiviruses]][[Category:Pig]] |
| | [[Category:Enteritis,_Viral]][[Category:Enteritis,_Ulcerative]] | | [[Category:Enteritis,_Viral]][[Category:Enteritis,_Ulcerative]] |
| | [[Category:To_Do_-_Lizzie]] | | [[Category:To_Do_-_Lizzie]] |